Policies for the Promotion of Child Rights

Policies for the Promotion of Child RightsIDENTIFY ONE PIECE OF LEGISLATION, WHICH PROMOTES THE CHILDRENS RIGHTS IN YOUR SETTING star piece of legislation that advertises the electric s imbiberrens up counterbalances in my range is the Data security Act 1998. This legislation ordinates e re wholeyone the right to recognize what get under ones skinment is held ab erupt them and it provides a frame flirt to en accepted that nearlyoneal go to bedledge is handled properly. peerless of its purposes is to unafraidguard the underlying rights of item-by-items.The Act escapes in dickens expressive styles, firstly it states that both(prenominal)one who processes personalized information must follow the cardinaler principles below to draw clear up reliable that the personalized information isFairly and lawfully processedProcessed for hold in purposesAdequate, relevant and non excessiveAccurate and up to dateNot kept for thirster than is inevit sufficientProce ssed in line with your rightsSecureNot transferred to former(a)(a) countries with forth adequate protectionSecondly, the Act provides e actu allyone with meaning(a) rights these include the right to line up proscribed what personal information is held active them on computers and most news report records. It excessively intermits the person the right to complain if they argon denied access to their personal information or smell that their information has not be handled according to the eight principles I wealthy person stated above.The Data protective cover Act 1998 affects the charge I run my orbit. I save to master thatAny personal information I father is kept confidential and stored in a locked filing cabinet and I solitary(prenominal) give notice access it.I am c beful when discussing with p atomic number 18nts anything confidential that no-one is roughly to overhear our conversation, including in person or on the telephoneAll personal information I hold is relevant to my place and is kept up to dateI do not keep any information all-night than infallibleNo information that I hold tummy be mapd or passed onto new(prenominal) parties with pop written consent from the p arntP arnts swallow the right to request access to my records at any snip, yet they bay window further see the information held close to themselves and their electric razorrenMy confidentiality policy covers the above please see extension 1E genuinely organisation that processes personal information must notify the Information Commissioners Office (ICO) unless they argon exempt failure to notify is a criminal absentence. I am exempt beca rehearse no personal information I keep is stored on a computer. The only information I store on the computer is my accounts. If you had to notify they suck up now made changes to the notification fee structure that came into effect on 1st October 2009, it is now a tiered fee structure to reflect the costs of the ICO regu lating data controllers of divergent sizes.DESCRIBE THE ROLE OF PRACTITIONER IN MEETING THE INDIVIDUAL NEEDS OF ALL CHILDRENIt is of the essence(predicate) that the practitioner join forcess the person guides of all the pip-squeakren. To do this the practitioner first of necessity to swallow it off what the pincerrens case-by-case needinesss be and this tail end be found out by verbaliseing to the p atomic number 18nts and getting them to guide in My Special Book, any observations that you hold up out, any former(a) professionals involved with the baby bird and liaising with any former(a) climbs that the tyke attends. If the chela is old enough they whitethorn alike be qualified to tell you.It is burning(prenominal) to speak to the p arnts steadyly and keep updated in any changes to the barbarianrens interests and needs or central office life. The expressive styles that I use areEmail an effective counseling to hurl off a quick mess fester, howev er most parents whitethorn not subscribe access to a computer.Newsletters lav be a wide panache to keep parents informed of some of the activities the children drive been doing events and festivals planned holi daylight dates and any divers(prenominal) information the practitioner penurys to tell the parents.Letters to the Parents if there are things you need to inform them of privately a letter would be silk hat(p). In tot upition, the parents whitethorn grow a auditory modality handicap and whitethorn not be able to use another form of communication.Telephone conversation this is best done at the end of the day when the practitioner and the parents fork up uninterrupted eon to discuss things. You ordain need to curb sure who whoremaster overhear the conversation so that you croup maintain confidentiality.Face-to-Face you quite a little arrange a shock on neutral territory to discuss any concerns save again you need to maintain confidentiality and make sure you are not overheard.Daily diary keeping the parents informed of the activities the child has done during the day, along with sleep times, healthy food, snacks and drinks, nappy changes and any other information the parents need to pick out. The parents tummy to a fault amount anything to the diary that has happened at dental plate that you need to get it on e.g. any chance events, broken nights sleep, teething, whether they beat had breakfast and so forthText the quickest guidance to elapse, it tush to a fault be invaluable to someone with a earshot balk. Most commonwealth nowadays confuse a mobile phone.It is also measurable to disclose out and respect the views of all the children to make them odor valued and not ignored this in turn nurtures their self-esteem. I let out to the children rough what interests them and what they think of things. We ofttimes conform to games that allow the children to air their views and opinions and I use this acquaintanc e to enhance their go steadying and makement.To be able to meet all the childrens needs you first need to im develop what their rights are. There is a lot of legislation that promotes children rights but quite simply e very(prenominal) child has a right to make up their basic needs met for food, warmth and hygiene, but you also need to provide a nurturing environment where the children provide rest, pass and develop to their full potential.Maslows Hierarchy of needs is one of the best- grapplen descriptions of needs. It identifies quintuplet basic needs and armys how higher needs are not considered until the lower level needs suck in been met.Self-actualisation(Achieving case-by-case potential)Esteem(Self-esteem and esteem from others)Belonging(Love, affection, being a part of groups) resort(Shelter, removal from danger)physiologic(Health, food, sleep)Diagram copied from Maslows Hierarchy at Changingminds.orgIt is alpha to exist the difference between a extremity and a need. A Need is something that we sternnot do without, like sleep, food and love. A Want is something that is desired at the time but is not essential and we can in fact do without.To make sure I meet all the childrens individual needs I bear off into consideration the ages of the children, their form of development and abilities and whether they need to sleep or energise quiet time when grooming my free-and-easy routine, I make sure that I incorporate all their needs into my occasional routine. The children need a daily routine to garter them witness proficient and they get to fare what is happening next and this promotes their development. I adapt my routines depending on which children I mystify in the tantrum at the time.It is authoritative that all the children are given a superior as much as accomplishable, because this get out tending them as they grow and they need to be unaffiliated and make decisions for themselves. I give children a pickax of snacks, they can choose from milk or water supply to drink and they can also decide for themselves what they would like to play with and with whom.It is my professional responsibility toSafeguard and promote the welfare of all the childrenMake sure that plurality they come into contact with are suitable realise I have reliable and suitable premises, environment and equipmentOrganise my riding horse so that every child receives an roll in the hayable and challenging pocking and development experience that is tailored to their individual needsMaintain records, policies and procedures to reckon safe and efficient management of my conniption and to meet the needs of the childrenPractice Guidance for the proto(prenominal) long time Foundation Stage (2007, pg 6) states, Practitioners should deliver personalised makeing, development and share to tending children to get the best doable start in life. address HOW YOUR DAILY ROUTINES SUPPORT CHILDRENS WELL BEINGI have a basic daily rou tine that includes naturalize runs, child-initiated play, adult-led activities, sleep/quiet time, snack and meal times and syndicate time. The children begin to need the structure of the day and what comes next. The times of the routine is never set in pitfall and it allows us to experience spontaneous events like playing in the snow, or f and so oning your lunch to the third estate on a nice sunny day.For example for snack time the children cognize that after the mornings child-initiated play we have snacks and they help to clear the table and lay out the plates and cups, which are kept in a low cupboard which the children can easily access self-reliantly and this promotes their self-esteem and confidence to help and do things for themselves and others. They know that they are to wash their hands before occupying and I have a posterior so they can r separately the sink which enables their independence and they all sit at the table wait for the snacks. They have a choice of drink milk or water and they can choose what they want to exhaust from the choice of snacks on the table. There is always a selection of seasonal fruit, a kale toast, crumpet or muffin and dairy hard or soft cheese. Allowing the children choice enables them to start the process of sentiment for themselves and this gives them a skill that they pull up s issues need in life.I also need to consider individual children cultures and religions when providing food as some food is not allowed. We also try and incorporate food from approximately the world and learn close the food from unalike countries.Snack time is also a hearty time where we all sit together including myself. We talk somewhat anything and everything, they tell me roughly things at mansion or nurture, where they are dismissal on holiday, what there siblings have been doing, their favourite toys etc. It is a not bad(p) time to learn more about them and I can use this information to inform my proviso accor ding to their current interests. Afterwards the children help to crystallize up and clear the table.School drop off and collection times are also very brotherly times. We talk as we walk to school we very much play games like eye spy, count how many red cars we see and look out for various assorted items along the way to use in our craft excogitate. It is a time when the children learn about their environment and the world we live in. We also talk about stranger danger how to come legal residence the road safely and wherefore we must all walk together and not run off.Because we fetch out the same basic routine everyday the children odour safe and define in my reach and know what happens next. A honourable routine develops their self-esteem and promotes independence, allows them to learn about their health by learned when they have to wash their hands and allows the children to socialise and make healthy choices. The Importance of Routines Helping Children grow, feel s ecure and flourish states, Children need and crave routine. Routine helps establish security and peace in a childs life. dissertate HOW YOUR DAILY ROUTINES COULD MEET THE DEVELOPMENTAL NEEDS OF PRE-SCHOOL AND SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN IN YOUR HOME BASED SETTINGMy daily routines meet the developmental needs of all the children in my tending because I adapt depending on the age and gunpoint of development of the children in attendance each day.The school-aged children are not here for morning snacks but we have snacks when we return from the afternoon school run. The sometime(a) children know that when we get fundament to wash their hands and they help to set the table, the younger children see what the honest-to- unassailableness children do and try to copy them. As I express before all the children plates, cups and cutlery are kept in a low cupboard which the children can easily access independently. The older children enrapture covering the younger ones what needs to be done to contrive for snacks and the older children gain self-esteem and self-confidence is being able to do things independtly for themselves and others. The younger children like to learn from the older children and this boots their self-confidence is learning to helkp others.Snack time is a time where we all talk about our day and share what we have been doing and what we enjoyed or disliked.School drop off and collection time can be a time of learning, as I give tongue to above we play distinguishable kinds of games. We also collect leaves and other items to use in our creative workplace later eg leaves, sticks, do some scrape rubbings.We lots include a trip to the playground on the way home from school, the younger children advantage from getting fresh air and observing from the comfort of the pushchair and watching the older children. The older children value from having the prospect to run near in a great big space and practice their egregious motor skills on the large pla y equipment.DISCUSS HOW YOU PROMOTE CHILDRENS SAFETYPromoting childrens safety is paramount. I image the childrens safety by providing a secure and welcoming environment and I defecate proper precautions to hold open throws by carrying out daily risk assessments of my home and garden and any outings that we whitethorn go on. I also comply with my Local Safeguarding Children Boards procedures to attend the safety and welfare of the children in my care. I have a thorough intimacy and translateing of the signs of possible abuse and neglect. Please see my Safeguarding Children Policy ( accessory ) and my Health and rubber eraser Policy (Appendix ).I hold a current earliest long time First Aid for Children and Adults surety and Emergency Life Support for Adults certification and have completed Safeguarding Children and Health, Hygiene and Safety Awareness learning courses. I ensure that I am up to date with my knowledge by attending fix cultivation throughout the year.I al so have house rules, which the children know and follow these include pickings off their shoes when indoors, sitting at the table or in a highchair to eat and drink, respecting the furniture, toys and each other. The rules are basic but are there to protect the children. The house rules are displayed at all times in pictures and oral communication for the children to refer to.I make sure that all equipment and resources I provide are age and stage appropriate and that they are safe and clean. They are break throughed daily before and after use. Children are also taught how to safely use the equipment eg how to hold and use scissors.I use activities to help the children to learn about safety and we talk about how accidents can happen and how to preserve them. If an accident does happen I keep full records including details of the child/children involved, the treatment I provide and parents are given a carbon copy of this information, they also sign to confirm they have been told what happened.My premises are secure at all times the front door is kept locked and the key is kept on a high shelf so only the adults can reach it. My back garden has a 6ft fence on three sides with no gate. The children are only collected by authorised adults or if it is necessary for someone else to collect them we use a password provided by the parents and they notify me in reach if this is divulge to happen.All the children are taught about road safety according to their age and developmental stage. With the older children, we talk about stranger danger and how they can keep themselves safe from people they do not know. The children know what to do if there is a fire by regularly practising fire drills and they know wherefore it is distinguished to follow what they have learnt. Please see my Emergency Evacuation Procedure (Appendix )The children know to natty up their toys to keep the playroom safe and free from hazards and we do this in a fun way so to maintain the child rens interest and their continued participation in learning to how to keep safe.I check the identify of visitors and keep accurate records of when and why visitors are here and I also record when my 2 assistants are on the premises. Myself and my assistants (Husband and Mother) have all had enhanced CRB checks, ensuring our suitability to look after the Children.The Children feel safe whilst they are in my care because they know that I lead listen to any concerns they may have and respond to them appropriately. The parents know that I operate clear child safety procedures and they have copies of all my policies and consent forms.I make sure that I am a honest determination model for the Children at all times and I provide a broad(a) balance in promoting childrens freedom to seek and play whilst learning and developing and ensuring that they are safe. Children need to have the fortune to cope risks and to make mistakes but within safe limits, that way they learn to be alert to potential danger and how to keep themselves safe. Ofsted Early Years Safe and Sound (2006, pg 9) states, Children should have the freedom to make discoveries and enjoy experiences within safe limits, fleck learning how to protect themselves from harm.IDENTIFY STRATEGIES FOR COMMUNICATING WITH CHILDRENThere are many ways that you can evanesce with children but it is central to remember that children are still learning and developing so you need to cash in ones chips with them on their own level according to their age and interests. It is imperative to use vocabulary that the children understand eg they may not understand uncomfortable but may know what you mean when you say feeling funny. You also need to use a calm tone and body language that provide not send mixed messages. You also need to be aware of children whose aim tongue is not English and that they leave alone find it harder to move on in English to begin with. Some children may have speech impairment or learning difficulties and this will make it harder for them to communicate effectively. It is also important to be patient and give the children time to respond to your questions. Communicating Effectively with Children states, By paying attention to and communicating regularly with children, you can help children pass water a view of themselves and the world that is positive and healthy.Use the Childs name first this will get their attention and they are more likely to listen to you.Eye contact give tongue tos respect and allows you to sess how much of the conservation is being understood.Calm tone children are sensitive to anger and do not like raised voices because they can focus solely on the fact that your voice is raised and they may be in trouble, rather than what you are saying.Thumbs up is a simple and easy way of exhibit approval.Body language avoid all confusion and communicate your message consistently through some(prenominal) terminology and actions, be aware that dif ferent cultures use and interpret body language in different ways.Listening and showing an interest a very important part of communication because if you do not listen and appear interested then it is salutary a one-way conversation and the child will not feel valued.Non-verbal communication Be aware that some children do not communicate verbally, and that it is important to adapt styles of communication to their needs and abilities eg sign language, lip reading etc.Questioning use unrestricted questions to check understanding and acknowledge that they have heard what is being said.Speak slowly and clearly the child may have a hearing impairment and will need you to speak slowly and clearly, so they can understand you, also be aware of the level of background noise.Painting This may come out a strange way but children can communicate their feelings through creativity and may talk to you whilst they are painting without sentiment about it.Picture books I am in the process o f winning pictures of all my resources and making books that the children can look through and decide what activities they want to do. This is a great way to communicate their needs without being able to speak.Picture cards Can be used for postulation children basic things like milk or water to drink. If you have children who use English as a second language then you can make/use picture cards to ask them things in their own language but also have the English word along with the picture and their start out language so they learn new words as they progress.DISCUSS ONE FACTOR THAT AFFECTS CHILDRENS demeanorThere are many factors that can affect childrens behaviour but I am overtaking to focus on divorce.Any change in a Childs home life will have an effect on their behaviour but when one parent moves out it can be dingy for the child, as they may not know what has happened or when they will see that parent again. It is important for us as practitioners to listen to any concerns that the child has and respond to them according to their age and stage of development. You need to find a way to help them understand appropriate to their level of understanding.A pre-school child may show regressive behaviour. This means that the child may return to an earlier stage of development and, for example, start to pissed themselves again. A pre-school child may become confused, irritable or worried.Children between six and nine are very vulnerable. At this age, a child is still not mature enough to understand what is expiry on, but is old enough to understand that something very unpleasant is fetching place. They still depend very much on their parents and will have a hard time talking about their emotions. They may react with anger, or by not concentrating or making progress at school or by having learning difficulties.Children between 9 and 13 may have started having important relationships with other people besides their parents and family. When their parents divor ce, it will practically be good for a child to talk to someone out-of-door the family about their problems and feelings.All Children can become very insecure. Insecurity can cause children to behave as if they are much younger and therefore bed unbendableting, clinginess, nightmares, worries or disobedience can all occur. This behaviour often happens before or after visits to the parent who is living apart from the family. Teenagers may show their distress by misbehaving or withdrawing into themselves. They may find it difficult to concentrate at school.It is normal for a child to feel lost, upset, angry and grieve for the family they once were. A child who does not show any feelings or reactions needs help to express what is going on inside. Otherwise, they are very likely to suffer depression and other problems later. Helping Children ad full to Divorce states, Children whose parents divorce are at greater risk for problems such as aggression, depression, lower self-esteem and p oorer school performance.Children can express themselves in other ways than with words. Play is very important. You can play with the child and let them act out their feelings using consumption-play and puppets. Children may need to work off tension through energetic games you can spend some time at the cat valium or go to an indoor play centre.Drawing may help some children as they often draw things that are important to them. You can ask about the drawings and this can be a good way to start the child talking about what is going on inside, e particular(prenominal)ly if they are not the type of child to talk openly.The child still needs to have established routines in their lives and whilst things are changing at home you can continue with your normal routine and this will give the child some stability and comfort during all the other changes, they feel more safe and secure when they know what to expect next.DESCRIBE STRATEGIES FOR CHALLENGING PREJUDICE AND DISCRIMINATION WHEN WO RKING WITH CHILDREN AND FAMILIESI operate an inclusive Childminding setting, where all children are welcome regardless of their race, religion, culture, sex, ability or disability, social background etc. I advocate the children to value everyone as a unique individual, to respect each others differences, and to learn from each other. Centre for Studies on Inclusive Education states, inclusion is founded upon a moral position which values and respects every individual and which welcomes diversity as a rich learning resource.I always challenge any instances of prejudice, dirty discrimination and harassment whether it is a comment a child has made or a parent. I will explain to the child or parent why what they have said is wrong and how their words have hurt another person. I make sure that I am a good role model for the children. Please see my Equal Opportunities Policy (Appendix ).I have toys and resources that show different cultures from almost the world and people with differ ent types of disabilities/impairments. We also recognize different festivals and religious occasions from a variety of religions worldwide to give the children a greater understanding of the land approximately them.I involve the parents to come and take part in story/singing time to enable the children to hear different languages, and stories from somewhat the piece.For example, if a Child called another person four-eyes because they wear glasses, I would explain to the Child how they have hurt that persons feelings and that they have to wear glasses because they help then to see as their eyes dont work as well as their eyes. I would also ask the Child how they would feel if someone had called them names. I would encourage the Child to say sorry (depending on their age and level of understanding).Another example is a child is a wheelchair and another child telling them that they cant join in and play with them at the sand and water table because they are in a wheelchair. I woul d explain to the child that yes they can join in we just need to adapt the position of the tray so that the wheelchair can fit around it and everyone can enjoy the same activity.If I have any children with additional needs in my setting I always talk to all the children about their impairments or disabilities (using the correct medical name) as it provides me with an opportunity to teach basic information about our bodies, health and possible illnesses. It also helps to get rid of any fears about disabilities and helps to influence childrens attitudes in a positive way.I make sure that I am a positive role model for the children and I update my knowledge regularly. I have just completed deaf cognizance pedagogy and I am booked on other consciousness courses.EXPLAIN HOW TO IMPLEMENT CHILDRENS RIGHTS IN THE HOME BASED SETTINGI have explained in E2 my role in coming upon the individual needs of the children and now I will explain how I impose the childrens rights in my setting.I m ake sure that I keep my knowledge of childrens rights updated through regular training courses and research through the library or internet. Childrens rights are about the obligations of all adults to protect the best interests of children, and to name the conditions under which they can develop and thrive.Childrens rights are embedded in my policies and I offer resources and activities to ensure that the children can learn about their rights for example we have an activity on diversity where the children look at pictures of children from around the world and we discuss our similarities and our differences and what they would like. Please see my Diversity Activity Planning sheet (Appendix )I have used some of the Articles of the United Nations Convention on Rights of the Child to show how I work through childrens rights into my settingArticle 1 Everyone under 18 has these rightsI ensure that all children in my setting know what their rights are. I use age appropriate resources su ch as games that we play, books that we read and just talking to each other.Article 2 You have the right to protection against discriminationAll children are hardened with couple concern and learn to treat each other with respect through the activities I provide eg. eruditeness about each others differences in a positive way, respecting each others cultures.Article 3 Adults should do whats best for youEverything that I do in my setting is always in the best interests of the child. I always take into consideration their views, feelings and rights when carrying out day to day activities.Article 7 You have the right to have a name and a nationalityOn the wall in the playroom we have pictures of everyone that attends the setting with their name underneath, so that we can easily learn each others names. We learn about each others nationality through stories and visits to the library and in the food we eat.Article 11 You should not be kidnappedI make sure that all the children are safe and secure in my care whether we are at home or out and about. The children know to stay close to me and not run off or talk to strangers. I never electric receptacle a child into the care of someone that I dont know unless a parent has authorized it in times of emergency and we always use a password system.Article 12 You have the right to an opinion and for it to be listened to and taken seriouslyThe children know that I will always listen to their opionions and take them seriously. We always discuss as a group and listen to each other.Article 19 You have the right to be protected from being hurt or badly hard-boiledI know the signs and symptoms of abuse and what to do if I am concerened about one of the children. The children know that they can talk to me about anything at anytime.Article 23 If you are disabled, either mentally or physically, you have the right to supernumerary care and educationI run an inclusive setting and the children in my care am treated with cor respond concern with individual needs regardless of any disablilites. It is important to treat each child as an individual and not label them by their impairment or condition.Article 24 You have the right to the best health possible and to medical care and informationI provide home cooked healthy meals and snacks to all children, including healthy drinks (milk and water). If I feel a child needs medical care then I have their parents authorization to take them to the doctors or hospital in an emergency or with their written permission I am able to take the children to routine appointments.Article 29 You have the right to education which develops your personality, respect for others rights and the environmentAll children in my setting are taught appropriate to their age and stage of development. I use all the information I have gathered to provide a challenging and enjoyable experience a particular all the areas of learning and development, which allows each individual child to de velop to their full potential.Article 30 If you come from a minority group you have the right to enjoy your own culture, practice your own religion and use your own languageWe all learn about each others cultures, religion and languages by the games that we play, books that we read, resources that we play with. We find out about different festivals and celebrations during the year eg Halloween, Christmas, Easter, Hanukkah, World Religion Day, Chinese New Year and many others. By getting to know all the children and their families I can meet the cultural needs for everyone and make sure that all the children feel valued.Article 31 You have the right to play and relax by doings things like sport, music and dramaThe children aPolicies for the Promotion of Child RightsPolicies for the Promotion of Child RightsIDENTIFY ONE PIECE OF LEGISLATION, WHICH PROMOTES THE CHILDRENS RIGHTS IN YOUR SETTINGOne piece of legislation that promotes the childrens rights in my setting is the Data Protec tion Act 1998. This legislation gives everyone the right to know what information is held about them and it provides a framework to ensure that personal information is handled properly. One of its purposes is to safeguard the key rights of individuals.The Act works in two ways, firstly it states that anyone who processes personal information must follow the eight principles below to make sure that the personal information isFairly and lawfully processedProcessed for hold purposesAdequate, relevant and not excessiveAccurate and up to dateNot kept for longer than is necessaryProcessed in line with your rightsSecureNot transferred to other countries without adequate protectionSecondly, the Act provides everyone with important rights these include the right to find out what personal information is held about them on computers and most topic records. It also gives the individual the right to complain if they are denied access to their personal information or feel that their informatio n has not be handled according to the eight principles I have stated above.The Data Protection Act 1998 affects the way I run my setting. I have to ensure thatAny personal information I have is kept confidential and stored in a locked filing cabinet and I only can access it.I am careful when discussing with parents anything confidential that no-one is around to overhear our conversation, including in person or on the telephoneAll personal information I hold is relevant to my setting and is kept up to dateI do not keep any information longer than necessaryNo data that I hold can be used or passed onto other parties without written consent from the parentParents have the right to request access to my records at any time, but they can only see the information held about themselves and their childrenMy confidentiality policy covers the above please see Appendix 1Every organisation that processes personal information must notify the Information Commissioners Office (ICO) unless they are exempt failure to notify is a criminal offence. I am exempt because no personal information I keep is stored on a computer. The only information I store on the computer is my accounts. If you had to notify they have now made changes to the notification fee structure that came into effect on 1st October 2009, it is now a tiered fee structure to reflect the costs of the ICO regulating data controllers of different sizes.DESCRIBE THE ROLE OF PRACTITIONER IN MEETING THE INDIVIDUAL NEEDS OF ALL CHILDRENIt is important that the practitioner meets the individual needs of all the children. To do this the practitioner first needs to know what the childrens individual needs are and this can be found out by talking to the parents and getting them to submit in My Special Book, any observations that you carry out, any other professionals involved with the child and liaising with any other settings that the child attends. If the child is old enough they may also be able to tell you.It is importa nt to speak to the parents regularly and keep updated in any changes to the childrens interests and needs or home life. The ways that I use areEmail an effective way to send a quick message, but some parents may not have access to a computer.Newsletters can be a great way to keep parents informed of some of the activities the children have been doing events and festivals planned holiday dates and any other information the practitioner wants to tell the parents.Letters to the Parents if there are things you need to inform them of privately a letter would be best. In addition, the parents may have a hearing impairment and may not be able to use another form of communication.Telephone conversation this is best done at the end of the day when the practitioner and the parents have uninterrupted time to discuss things. You will need to make sure who can overhear the conversation so that you can maintain confidentiality.Face-to-Face you can arrange a meeting on neutral territory to di scuss any concerns but again you need to maintain confidentiality and make sure you are not overheard.Daily diary keeping the parents informed of the activities the child has done during the day, along with sleep times, healthy food, snacks and drinks, nappy changes and any other information the parents need to know. The parents can also add anything to the diary that has happened at home that you need to know e.g. any accidents, broken nights sleep, teething, whether they have had breakfast etc.Text the quickest way to communicate, it can also be invaluable to someone with a hearing impairment. Most people nowadays have a mobile phone.It is also important to find out and respect the views of all the children to make them feel valued and not ignored this in turn promotes their self-esteem. I talk to the children about what interests them and what they think of things. We often play games that allow the children to air their views and opinions and I use this knowledge to enhance th eir learning and development.To be able to meet all the childrens needs you first need to understand what their rights are. There is a lot of legislation that promotes children rights but quite simply every child has a right to have their basic needs met for food, warmth and hygiene, but you also need to provide a nurturing environment where the children can rest, play and develop to their full potential.Maslows Hierarchy of needs is one of the best-known descriptions of needs. It identifies louver basic needs and shows how higher needs are not considered until the lower level needs have been met.Self-actualisation(Achieving individual potential)Esteem(Self-esteem and esteem from others)Belonging(Love, affection, being a part of groups)Safety(Shelter, removal from danger)physiologic(Health, food, sleep)Diagram copied from Maslows Hierarchy at Changingminds.orgIt is important to know the difference between a want and a need. A Need is something that we cannot do without, like sleep, food and love. A Want is something that is desired at the time but is not essential and we can in fact do without.To make sure I meet all the childrens individual needs I take into consideration the ages of the children, their stage of development and abilities and whether they need to sleep or have quiet time when planning my daily routine, I make sure that I incorporate all their needs into my daily routine. The children need a daily routine to help them feel secure and they get to know what is happening next and this promotes their development. I adapt my routines depending on which children I have in the setting at the time.It is important that all the children are given a choice as much as possible, because this will help them as they grow and they need to be independent and make decisions for themselves. I give children a choice of snacks, they can choose from milk or water to drink and they can also decide for themselves what they would like to play with and with whom.It is my professional responsibility toSafeguard and promote the welfare of all the childrenMake sure that people they come into contact with are suitable chink I have safe and suitable premises, environment and equipmentOrganise my setting so that every child receives an enjoyable and challenging learning and development experience that is tailored to their individual needsMaintain records, policies and procedures to ensure safe and efficient management of my setting and to meet the needs of the childrenPractice Guidance for the Early Years Foundation Stage (2007, pg 6) states, Practitioners should deliver personalised learning, development and care to help children to get the best possible start in life.DISCUSS HOW YOUR DAILY ROUTINES SUPPORT CHILDRENS WELL BEINGI have a basic daily routine that includes school runs, child-initiated play, adult-led activities, sleep/quiet time, snack and meal times and home time. The children begin to learn the structure of the day and what comes next. The times of the routine is never set in rock n roll and it allows us to experience spontaneous events like playing in the snow, or taking your lunch to the commonality on a nice sunny day.For example for snack time the children know that after the mornings child-initiated play we have snacks and they help to clear the table and lay out the plates and cups, which are kept in a low cupboard which the children can easily access independently and this promotes their self-esteem and confidence to help and do things for themselves and others. They know that they are to wash their hands before eating and I have a tail so they can reach the sink which enables their independence and they all sit at the table delay for the snacks. They have a choice of drink milk or water and they can choose what they want to eat from the choice of snacks on the table. There is always a selection of seasonal fruit, a scratch toast, crumpet or muffin and dairy hard or soft cheese. Allowing the children choice enables them to start the process of thinking for themselves and this gives them a skill that they will need in life.I also need to consider individual children cultures and religions when providing food as some food is not allowed. We also try and incorporate food from around the world and learn about the food from different countries.Snack time is also a social time where we all sit together including myself. We talk about anything and everything, they tell me about things at home or school, where they are going on holiday, what there siblings have been doing, their favourite toys etc. It is a great time to learn more about them and I can use this information to inform my planning according to their current interests. Afterwards the children help to tidy up and clear the table.School drop off and collection times are also very social times. We talk as we walk to school we often play games like eye spy, count how many red cars we see and look out for various different items along the way to use in our craft work. It is a time when the children learn about their environment and the world we live in. We also talk about stranger danger how to cross the road safely and why we must all walk together and not run off.Because we carry out the same basic routine everyday the children feel safe and secure in my setting and know what happens next. A good routine develops their self-esteem and promotes independence, allows them to learn about their health by acute when they have to wash their hands and allows the children to socialise and make healthy choices. The Importance of Routines Helping Children grow, feel secure and flourish states, Children need and crave routine. Routine helps establish security and peace in a childs life.DISCUSS HOW YOUR DAILY ROUTINES COULD MEET THE DEVELOPMENTAL NEEDS OF PRE-SCHOOL AND SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN IN YOUR HOME BASED SETTINGMy daily routines meet the developmental needs of all the children in my care because I adapt depend ing on the age and stage of development of the children in attendance each day.The school-aged children are not here for morning snacks but we have snacks when we return from the afternoon school run. The older children know that when we get home to wash their hands and they help to set the table, the younger children see what the older children do and try to copy them. As I said before all the children plates, cups and cutlery are kept in a low cupboard which the children can easily access independently. The older children enjoy showing the younger ones what needs to be done to pee for snacks and the older children gain self-esteem and self-confidence is being able to do things independtly for themselves and others. The younger children like to learn from the older children and this boots their self-confidence is learning to helkp others.Snack time is a time where we all talk about our day and share what we have been doing and what we enjoyed or disliked.School drop off and collec tion time can be a time of learning, as I said above we play different kinds of games. We also collect leaves and other items to use in our creative work later eg leaves, sticks, do some talk rubbings.We often include a trip to the playground on the way home from school, the younger children do good from getting fresh air and observing from the comfort of the pushchair and watching the older children. The older children upbeat from having the opportunity to run around in a great big space and practice their raw motor skills on the large play equipment.DISCUSS HOW YOU PROMOTE CHILDRENS SAFETYPromoting childrens safety is paramount. I ensure the childrens safety by providing a secure and welcoming environment and I take proper precautions to prevent accidents by carrying out daily risk assessments of my home and garden and any outings that we may go on. I also comply with my Local Safeguarding Children Boards procedures to ensure the safety and welfare of the children in my care. I have a thorough knowledge and understanding of the signs of possible abuse and neglect. Please see my Safeguarding Children Policy (Appendix ) and my Health and Safety Policy (Appendix ).I hold a current Early Years First Aid for Children and Adults certificate and Emergency Life Support for Adults certificate and have completed Safeguarding Children and Health, Hygiene and Safety Awareness training courses. I ensure that I am up to date with my knowledge by attending regular training throughout the year.I also have house rules, which the children know and follow these include taking off their shoes when indoors, sitting at the table or in a highchair to eat and drink, respecting the furniture, toys and each other. The rules are basic but are there to protect the children. The house rules are displayed at all times in pictures and words for the children to refer to.I make sure that all equipment and resources I provide are age and stage appropriate and that they are safe and clea n. They are checked daily before and after use. Children are also taught how to safely use the equipment eg how to hold and use scissors.I use activities to help the children to learn about safety and we talk about how accidents can happen and how to prevent them. If an accident does happen I keep full records including details of the child/children involved, the treatment I provide and parents are given a carbon copy of this information, they also sign to confirm they have been told what happened.My premises are secure at all times the front door is kept locked and the key is kept on a high shelf so only the adults can reach it. My back garden has a 6ft fence on three sides with no gate. The children are only collected by authorised adults or if it is necessary for someone else to collect them we use a password provided by the parents and they notify me in pass on if this is going to happen.All the children are taught about road safety according to their age and developmental stag e. With the older children, we talk about stranger danger and how they can keep themselves safe from people they do not know. The children know what to do if there is a fire by regularly practising fire drills and they know why it is important to follow what they have learnt. Please see my Emergency Evacuation Procedure (Appendix )The children know to tidy up their toys to keep the playroom safe and free from hazards and we do this in a fun way so to maintain the childrens interest and their continued participation in learning to how to keep safe.I check the identify of visitors and keep accurate records of when and why visitors are here and I also record when my two assistants are on the premises. Myself and my assistants (Husband and Mother) have all had enhanced CRB checks, ensuring our suitability to look after the Children.The Children feel safe whilst they are in my care because they know that I will listen to any concerns they may have and respond to them appropriately. The p arents know that I operate clear child safety procedures and they have copies of all my policies and permission forms.I make sure that I am a good role model for the Children at all times and I provide a good balance in promoting childrens freedom to explore and play whilst learning and developing and ensuring that they are safe. Children need to have the opportunity to take risks and to make mistakes but within safe limits, that way they learn to be alert to potential danger and how to keep themselves safe. Ofsted Early Years Safe and Sound (2006, pg 9) states, Children should have the freedom to make discoveries and enjoy experiences within safe limits, go learning how to protect themselves from harm.IDENTIFY STRATEGIES FOR COMMUNICATING WITH CHILDRENThere are many ways that you can communicate with children but it is important to remember that children are still learning and developing so you need to communicate with them on their own level according to their age and interests. It is imperative to use vocabulary that the children understand eg they may not understand uncomfortable but may know what you mean when you say feeling funny. You also need to use a calm tone and body language that will not send mixed messages. You also need to be aware of children whose mother tongue is not English and that they will find it harder to communicate in English to begin with. Some children may have speech impairment or learning difficulties and this will make it harder for them to communicate effectively. It is also important to be patient and give the children time to respond to your questions. Communicating Effectively with Children states, By paying attention to and communicating regularly with children, you can help children create a view of themselves and the world that is positive and healthy.Use the Childs name first this will get their attention and they are more likely to listen to you.Eye contact shows respect and allows you to weed how much of the conser vation is being understood.Calm tone children are sensitive to anger and do not like raised voices because they can focus solely on the fact that your voice is raised and they may be in trouble, rather than what you are saying.Thumbs up is a simple and easy way of showing approval.Body language avoid all confusion and communicate your message consistently through both words and actions, be aware that different cultures use and interpret body language in different ways.Listening and showing an interest a very important part of communication because if you do not listen and appear interested then it is just a one-way conversation and the child will not feel valued.Non-verbal communication Be aware that some children do not communicate verbally, and that it is important to adapt styles of communication to their needs and abilities eg sign language, lip reading etc.Questioning use open-ended questions to check understanding and acknowledge that they have heard what is being said.S peak slowly and clearly the child may have a hearing impairment and will need you to speak slowly and clearly, so they can understand you, also be aware of the level of background noise.Painting This may seem a strange way but children can communicate their feelings through creativity and may talk to you whilst they are painting without thinking about it.Picture books I am in the process of taking pictures of all my resources and making books that the children can look through and decide what activities they want to do. This is a great way to communicate their needs without being able to speak.Picture cards Can be used for asking children basic things like milk or water to drink. If you have children who use English as a second language then you can make/use picture cards to ask them things in their own language but also have the English word along with the picture and their mother language so they learn new words as they progress.DISCUSS ONE FACTOR THAT AFFECTS CHILDRENS cond uctThere are many factors that can affect childrens behaviour but I am going to focus on divorce.Any change in a Childs home life will have an effect on their behaviour but when one parent moves out it can be disoblige for the child, as they may not know what has happened or when they will see that parent again. It is important for us as practitioners to listen to any concerns that the child has and respond to them according to their age and stage of development. You need to find a way to help them understand appropriate to their level of understanding.A pre-school child may show regressive behaviour. This means that the child may return to an earlier stage of development and, for example, start to wet themselves again. A pre-school child may become confused, irritable or worried.Children between six and nine are very vulnerable. At this age, a child is still not mature enough to understand what is going on, but is old enough to understand that something very unpleasant is taking p lace. They still depend very much on their parents and will have a hard time talking about their emotions. They may react with anger, or by not concentrating or making progress at school or by having learning difficulties.Children between 9 and 13 may have started having important relationships with other people besides their parents and family. When their parents divorce, it will often be good for a child to talk to someone outside the family about their problems and feelings.All Children can become very insecure. Insecurity can cause children to behave as if they are much younger and therefore bedwetting, clinginess, nightmares, worries or disobedience can all occur. This behaviour often happens before or after visits to the parent who is living apart from the family. Teenagers may show their distress by misbehaving or withdrawing into themselves. They may find it difficult to concentrate at school.It is normal for a child to feel lost, upset, angry and grieve for the family they once were. A child who does not show any feelings or reactions needs help to express what is going on inside. Otherwise, they are very likely to suffer depression and other problems later. Helping Children adjust to Divorce states, Children whose parents divorce are at greater risk for problems such as aggression, depression, lower self-esteem and poorer school performance.Children can express themselves in other ways than with words. Play is very important. You can play with the child and let them act out their feelings using role-play and puppets. Children may need to work off tension through energetic games you can spend some time at the super C or go to an indoor play centre.Drawing may help some children as they often draw things that are important to them. You can ask about the drawings and this can be a good way to start the child talking about what is going on inside, especially if they are not the type of child to talk openly.The child still needs to have established routi nes in their lives and whilst things are changing at home you can continue with your normal routine and this will give the child some stability and comfort during all the other changes, they feel more safe and secure when they know what to expect next.DESCRIBE STRATEGIES FOR CHALLENGING PREJUDICE AND DISCRIMINATION WHEN WORKING WITH CHILDREN AND FAMILIESI operate an inclusive Childminding setting, where all children are welcome regardless of their race, religion, culture, sex, ability or disability, social background etc. I encourage the children to value everyone as a unique individual, to respect each others differences, and to learn from each other. Centre for Studies on Inclusive Education states, inclusion is founded upon a moral position which values and respects every individual and which welcomes diversity as a rich learning resource.I always challenge any instances of prejudice, unjust discrimination and harassment whether it is a comment a child has made or a parent. I wi ll explain to the child or parent why what they have said is wrong and how their words have hurt another person. I make sure that I am a good role model for the children. Please see my Equal Opportunities Policy (Appendix ).I have toys and resources that show different cultures from around the world and people with different types of disabilities/impairments. We also recognize different festivals and religious occasions from a variety of religions worldwide to give the children a greater understanding of the World around them.I postulate the parents to come and take part in story/singing time to enable the children to hear different languages, and stories from around the World.For example, if a Child called another person four-eyes because they wear glasses, I would explain to the Child how they have hurt that persons feelings and that they have to wear glasses because they help then to see as their eyes dont work as well as their eyes. I would also ask the Child how they would fee l if someone had called them names. I would encourage the Child to say sorry (depending on their age and level of understanding).Another example is a child is a wheelchair and another child telling them that they cant join in and play with them at the sand and water table because they are in a wheelchair. I would explain to the child that yes they can join in we just need to adapt the position of the tray so that the wheelchair can fit around it and everyone can enjoy the same activity.If I have any children with additional needs in my setting I always talk to all the children about their impairments or disabilities (using the correct medical name) as it provides me with an opportunity to teach basic information about our bodies, health and possible illnesses. It also helps to get rid of any fears about disabilities and helps to influence childrens attitudes in a positive way.I make sure that I am a positive role model for the children and I update my knowledge regularly. I have jus t completed deaf awareness training and I am booked on other awareness courses.EXPLAIN HOW TO IMPLEMENT CHILDRENS RIGHTS IN THE HOME BASED SETTINGI have explained in E2 my role in meeting the individual needs of the children and now I will explain how I implement the childrens rights in my setting.I make sure that I keep my knowledge of childrens rights updated through regular training courses and research through the library or internet. Childrens rights are about the obligations of all adults to protect the best interests of children, and to create the conditions under which they can develop and thrive.Childrens rights are embedded in my policies and I offer resources and activities to ensure that the children can learn about their rights for example we have an activity on diversity where the children look at pictures of children from around the world and we discuss our similarities and our differences and what they would like. Please see my Diversity Activity Planning sheet (Appe ndix )I have used some of the Articles of the United Nations Convention on Rights of the Child to show how I implement childrens rights into my settingArticle 1 Everyone under 18 has these rightsI ensure that all children in my setting know what their rights are. I use age appropriate resources such as games that we play, books that we read and just talking to each other.Article 2 You have the right to protection against discriminationAll children are treated with equal concern and learn to treat each other with respect through the activities I provide eg. larn about each others differences in a positive way, respecting each others cultures.Article 3 Adults should do whats best for youEverything that I do in my setting is always in the best interests of the child. I always take into consideration their views, feelings and rights when carrying out day to day activities.Article 7 You have the right to have a name and a nationalityOn the wall in the playroom we have pictures of ev eryone that attends the setting with their name underneath, so that we can easily learn each others names. We learn about each others nationality through stories and visits to the library and in the food we eat.Article 11 You should not be kidnappedI make sure that all the children are safe and secure in my care whether we are at home or out and about. The children know to stay close to me and not run off or talk to strangers. I never release a child into the care of someone that I dont know unless a parent has authorized it in times of emergency and we always use a password system.Article 12 You have the right to an opinion and for it to be listened to and taken seriouslyThe children know that I will always listen to their opionions and take them seriously. We always discuss as a group and listen to each other.Article 19 You have the right to be protected from being hurt or badly treatedI know the signs and symptoms of abuse and what to do if I am concerened about one of the chi ldren. The children know that they can talk to me about anything at anytime.Article 23 If you are disabled, either mentally or physically, you have the right to special care and educationI run an inclusive setting and the children in my care am treated with equal concern with individual needs regardless of any disablilites. It is important to treat each child as an individual and not label them by their impairment or condition.Article 24 You have the right to the best health possible and to medical care and informationI provide home cooked healthy meals and snacks to all children, including healthy drinks (milk and water). If I feel a child needs medical care then I have their parents permission to take them to the doctors or hospital in an emergency or with their written permission I am able to take the children to routine appointments.Article 29 You have the right to education which develops your personality, respect for others rights and the environmentAll children in my setti ng are taught appropriate to their age and stage of development. I use all the information I have gathered to provide a challenging and enjoyable experience across all the areas of learning and development, which allows each individual child to develop to their full potential.Article 30 If you come from a minority group you have the right to enjoy your own culture, practice your own religion and use your own languageWe all learn about each others cultures, religion and languages by the games that we play, books that we read, resources that we play with. We find out about different festivals and celebrations during the year eg Halloween, Christmas, Easter, Hanukkah, World Religion Day, Chinese New Year and many others. By getting to know all the children and their families I can meet the cultural needs for everyone and make sure that all the children feel valued.Article 31 You have the right to play and relax by doings things like sport, music and dramaThe children a