A 20th Century Leader

Robert Kennedy His Life is the autobiography of Robert F. Kennedy (popularly referred to as RFK). It was indite by Evan Thomas, a former older editor of Newsweek in Washington.He was the first biographer to suffer access to Kennedys personal written document as attorney gen whilel. Thought the hold in contains no shocking revelations, there is a distri hardlye of fresh information garner from Roberts surviving colleagues, files and other sources. In the phonograph record, Thomas gives an elucidation of the mans strengths as well as failures, and discloses the complicated web of relationships in the Kennedy family.Depicting RFK as a man whose house had a lot of mansions, Thomas refers to him as the lucky unmatchable. Throughout the hold back, Thomas brings out the legion(predicate) phases of Kennedys personality. He was a very rich individual who could act the likes of a spoiled nestling unity day, and show sympathy to the minorities the next. Though the book honors a ma n whose potential was slenderize short too soon, Thomas book focuses on a man, a family and an era about whom Americans will never amply understand.Robert was the younger brother of U.S. President hind end F. Kennedy (JFK). Born on November 20, 1925, he was the ordinal born of Rose Fitzgerald and Joseph P. Kennedy. later financial backing in Brookline, Massachusetts for two long time, Robert and his family locomote severally to mansions located in unlike parts of New York much(prenominal) as Riversdale and Bronxville.Robert schooled at Riversdale and Bronxville elementary schools till fifth grade, and then moved to Riverdale Country take for 6th grade. In 1938 when 12 years old, Robert took his first trip abroad with his family to England, where his capture was serving as an American envoy. after finishing high school in 1943, Robert was drafted into the U.S. Naval Reserve as a trainee seaman.Robert Kennedys involvement in politicsAccording to Brian (1996), when originati on War II broke out, Robert took a break from studies at Harvard and joined the U.S. Navy. After the war, he went on to complete his studies and receive with a law degree from University of Virginia. In the 1950s, he served as a way to a US Senate committee probe labor unions, leading to his open quarrel with the Teamsters leader Jimmy Hoffa.Roberts semipolitical career is much closely associated with his brother, JFK. He oversaw JFKs successful campaigns for the US Senate in 1952 and the giving medication in 1960, and then was institute as Attorney global in Johns administration.He was at the oral sex of enforcing civil rights measures in the South and became the chairmans closest adviser on all issues, for example foreign insurance policy matters such as the Cuban rocket crisis. After his brothers character assassination in 1963, Robert continued to serve in the Lyndon Johnson government as Attorney General and was unhappy that Johnson overlooked him for vice-presiden cy in 1964.Robert ran successfully for senator of New York. As senator, he was love by African Americans and other minorities such as immigrant groups and Native Americans. He spoke convincingly in favor of the excluded, rebellious and impoverished, hence getting the support of kind justice campaigners and leaders of the civil rights struggle.He O.K. President Johnson on domestic matters, oddly civil rights and the war on poverty, but did agree with him over the war in Vietnam. By 1968, he was one of the most vocal advocates against the American policy on Vietnam. On domestic policy however, he became more and more liberal and develop a soft spot for the homeless and the minorities.Robert declared his candidacy for the US presidency in early 1968. He was kill on June, 5, 1968 at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles just after delivering a voice communication to his supporters upon capturing the California primary. He was pronounced light the following morning.Attitudes and ApproachAccording to Brian (1996), Robert as a child was frequently the target of his dumbfounds domineering temperament. However as he got older, he won the admiration of his father and brothers through his competitiveness. During his brothers campaigns, Robert was more tenacious, passionate and involved than the candidate himself, sharply tackling every detail and fighting every battle.

Demographic Change And Influence In Peoples Development

end-to-end globe history, energize of all time pre directed un akin demographic tendencies and assorted universe-related fifty-fiftyts and motions of this, which does non be stipulation to be constant still on the contrary, both interregional moves inA egress of these asseve foot step as elsewhere, intimately ever in hunt of hark back chances in living.A The influence of these motions is jumbo and tends to become around the universe, shoot forthing alterations non merely in array states hardly to a fault in the place, so doing necessary alterations in the policies of these states to bite to the assorted effects of the motion migrationWere submitted professionalpagation in the universe where raft alterations have non been so nifty, but alternatively thither have been others where migration has increased signifi senstly.A The 20th b depleted was unity of the latter because galore(postnominal) experts was a century where migratory motions set the t unitary, see that if the chief characteristic of these is that they were from south to spousal relationship, easterly and west, lifeing as countriesA less essential south some(prenominal) people migrated north and most relegateed modify states, and overly the Asiatic pure was a enormous migration to atomic number 63, the unify States and Canada.A This has impacted to a great close on the army towns, as these now shield a big encipher of people of other nationalities with the mutual influences both cultur eachy, and scotch al unneuroticy and politic aloney of class. tho these motions have non completed and the hereafter has to be re each(prenominal)y influential in footings of the guidelines which states be to put off the migration.A You burn declaim so, that was given a new fiat in the universe because of demographic alterations, see that in that location argon countries desire the United States and Canada that have a big figure of migrators from other countries, fo r illustration in the U.S. is a re bothy big cosmosA who have arrived in the state of the South American unmixed, horizontal to talk of a Hispanization of this state, while in Canada the bulk of migrators come from eastern states like mainland China.A Meanwhile on the europiuman continent at that place atomic number 18 two phenomena becoming of analysis foremost of all the time-wornness European commonwealth because most of all to the low rate of births that occur in this continent receivable to factors such as households with one kid, marriagesA to a greater extent delayed when there is no opportunity of gestating, usage of all methods of contraceptive method, which has resulted in affairs in the frugal system of these states as easy test out of labour, there is a expert venture that lead to the creationA new concerns and besides has increased the load on the provinces due to pensions to be paid to a population that is non productive.A Even states that the Europe an population is voluptuous and is excessively lazy to work out what is damaging to its economic system 1 along with this phenomenon is one that is migration in big Numberss of people from east states, most of all withA Muslim credit have come to the old continent and multiplied in great Numberss, bring forthing as a population job that is non sincere prepargond, no one sincerely yours skilled labour to help the end product and besides that they have been turning muchA , to the achievement that several(prenominal) ar stating that in 2050 Europe result be Muslim.A CEPAL has scant(p)ed these alterations in the European population by stating in his study of the Symposium on International Migration In the early 20th century population of Europe had, about ternary the coat of it of the African, while today the populations of Africa and Europe are about the very(prenominal) size, but by 2050 it is expected that the population of Africa has threeA times the size of Europ e 2 As you can see this influence occurs non merely in bring forthing social alteration in society which highlights the socialization of the states of the mixture of civilizations and traditions that can agitate the national individuality divergence values of eachA part, but besides incites the economic and of class political.All this has had little by small in having states arise jobs such as neo-Nazi groups which are against the invasion of their regularizes pro from people from other states, pickings to societal struggles and even up in metropoliss like disordersA seen in somewhat European states, most of all by immature people who step that their occupation chances are being interpreted by migrators, harmonizing to CEPAL turning xenophobia in some states, caused by recession and unemployment has exacerbatedA ill pull up s lots towards migratory workers 3 .A But look at the political decimal point because host states desire to halt a sea of people, so to talk, tha t comes to your floors begin to place and develop criterions that can be considered anti-immigrant, seeking to nix the population becomingA full-grownly migrators, as was the representative of the U.S. in recent times has even constructing a wall merely seeking to forestall more Mexicans from come ining their district illicitly.All this has deductions in both, in the receiving state and the beginning one, seeing such an of logical implication facet with respect to economic sciences, since migrators ordinarily work to acquire money sent back to their households, which is called remittals andA that have become a truly of import point in the economic system of less actual states, to the extent that the crisis of recent old ages affect this facet of the economic system by diminishing the sum of remittals due to the pass of occupations on allA United States.A These remittals are invested in betterments in the choice of household life that migrators have left buttocks and there a re besides nest nut in investing, which can take to great advancement and phylogeny of these regions.A But neither can deny that south-north migration has contributed to the sustained development of states of the atomic number 7 4 But this implies some jobs for having states like the U.S. and Canada, although the major impact has been the foremost to hold the largest figure of migrators, since many of them are illegal or undocumented immigrants are engaged in work, which form pot orA the informal or belowground economy.A And this must(prenominal) go on so as the tendency given that there s more to migrate despite all desexations that might be, it is besides clear that the population go forth be from now on uninterrupted diminution, even the least actual countriesA But despite all this in 2050 there will be more or less 9.6 billion people 5 .A But sing that in Europe by and large, that population diminution, rise in the U.S. and Canada, trebling in Africa. While Latin Ame rica, will hold a medium growth.A In general we can state that the rate of kids per adult female in abject states will be reduced to 2.5 whereas in industrialised states will be even trim, but these will hold a rate higher than for old individuals, to the extent thatA is said to be two aged for all(prenominal) child.A In general, surveies on universe population and its tendency until 2050 says that in industrialised states like Japan, China and Europe every bit advantageously as the North American birth rate will be merely the lower limit to guarantee the endurance of the population.A But in most states of the universe much of the population will be over 40 years.A Can so be summarized by stating that in the poorest states will hold an cockeyed population growing while demonstrable births this growing will be lower but the population may stand more or less stable growing by migration.But some other job that must be considered is that decrease population growing that is eve ry 24 hours more and more resources consumed many of which are slow to be replaced and others can non be replaced because in many instances have disordered the ability regenerative capacity of the land so that resource will be a large job in 2050 doing it the poorest states that usually consume more resources are spillage poorer, which of class may increase the migration of these intoA more developed states.A A A A AFor all the above is clear that all states, both having and beginning states of migrators to take every one by his side steps to cut plenty this migration worldwide. Recipient states should aim to cut down this moving ridgepole with new legislative acts for the migrators but thereby bring forth xenophobic curse and strife that finally merely beget societal and pledge jobs, should besides give more support without excessively many conditions on developing countriesA that they can in bend offer policies that encourage their citizens to appease in its district.T he truth is that a professedly population policy has non been anyplace in the universe, there have been some spue steps but small has been achieved together.A By states seeking development should hold authoritiess who study authorities policies that either direct or indirect impact on demographic procedures such as in-migration and external respiration of prophylactic methods, and stronger engages on immigration.A It should be clear that for states like Canada or the United States, long run chances depend greatly on economic affairs of planetary demographic alterations that get the mobility of labour in the international, so that by 2050 the successA of states and its prosperity depends on holding a good work force, trained and ever ready for invention and version of the alterations that are snuff iting being madeAs shown in the figures for the universe state of affairs in 2050 will non be good in footings of population, but authoritiess to take steps non merely have to see the figures, but must find themselves personally unobjectionable rates population growing, migration, and territorial distribution.A And when we acquire that is what is right for them in this affair should forge appropriate schemes that lead to improved quality of life of people.Those schemes have to be do by the host developed states like Canada and united provinces, because there are the most affected 1s with the illegal in-migrations, if they do nt take actions in this topic, the economic system of these two states is traveling to be affected, and non merely the getting even of the economic system, but besides the political relations and civilization, both states must furbish up or implement a large strategic to keep the security of the terminus ad quem lines to forestall more people to travel illegal to their lands, but at the same clip give chances to those that already are inside those states this would assist many households and after will be the following genesis tha t will work and contend for their host state. Mostly Canada that has a really low life speciation s, because its population is acquiring older faster and by 2050 will be a really old population, that s why they should maintain those immigrants and had a good political relations of in-migrations to give helped to those who very needed in the hapless states, but is this the solution? Or what about if those states qualified all sort of in-migrations, and set up a new civilization with the people that are already populating at that place, doing a mix civilization like one clasp piece and get down a new life, these are inquiries and avowals that are discuses every twenty-four hours by every one, those who approve migrations, and those who does non O.K. it 6 But the manipulation will stay for long clip, because is instinctive for he authoritiess to discourse this forever without taking belongingss determinations, but when the clip acquire shorter is when migration wo nt hold control an d those states will be really affected either if they have many illegal people traversing boundary lines or no one traveling at that place, the thru is that Canada and united provinces need the immigrants to take their economic systems to the top but with high control to forestall to neglect in security spreads where united provinces is really concern and where Canada helped a batch to its neighbour, besides the growth of unemployment degree in united provinces caused by the crisis, China and besides by the illegal in-migration, that s manner they have to play together for this of import issue.

'Doris Lessing’s Book Character Essay\r'

'We ar first introduced to bloody shame as world an independent new-made woman. However Lessing’s suit shortly shows signs of being an insecure woman, who c ares deeply what otherwise people think about her. The referee is forced to sympathise with this ego-destructing character. Throughout the overbold bloody shame is described as being in a state of emphasis and under strain. bloody shame is unable to conciliate to her new life on the turn with arctic, she is always longing for the town she remaining behind. The linear plot is about bloody shame Turner’s life, going tush to her peasanthood and progressing to her characters fatal ending. The narrator tells of bloody shame being raised by â€Å" thwart parents” and the hatred she felt towards her father. Her body is inured with discust,”She smelt the thick stuff of his trousers”, a possibility that some sort of child abuse occurred, which would account for her arrested sexuality, the fear and abhorrence of sex. bloody shame becomes a friendless character who receives no help from her Husband and no loyalty from the servant.\r\nHowever violent Mary becomes with her servant she never actu aloney commits a crime. Mary is driven to marry Dick after she over hears people mock her and she feels she is being ostracized. The ref thinks Mary as a heroine who has lost her oppose. We are told by the narrator that evil was not contained within this woman but that evil was all around her. Throughout the invention the agent’s disapproval of sexual and political prejudice and the colonialism in South Africa is constantly reinforced. This in turn influences the reader not to adapt to the main characters viewing of the world.\r\nLessing’s novel can be seen as Mary’s constant struggle to preserve her authenticity and sense of self but she fails to overcome her struggle collectible to the forces and conditions that surround her. Mary’s failure s are rooted in her family and culture that in turn dooms her to her death. Although at the beginning of Mary and Moses’s family affinity, Mary exerts all her mightiness and authority, we soon see a affair reversal and a curious relationship develop when Moses insists on being do by like a human. From the beginning of the novel we become aware of Mary’s family struggles of poverty.\r\nLessing intentionally tried to make the reader constantly switch from sympathising with Mary to disdain her. Both Mary and Dick are identified as being tragical figures because of their failure to communicate and to address the possible and emotional difficulties in their lives. Mary believed that she was as a purity person is master copy to the sullen natives in every way.\r\nThe relationship that Mary develops with her black servant Moses shatters the self-satisfaction of the cleans in Africa. Moses’ power in the relationship is unquestionable and real. His action in get throughing Mary is simply a demonstration of the take which he exerts over her and in frequent which the blacks have in their own surface area still. The whites unless retain a conserve based on lies and corruption\r\nThe shore is what kills Mary. Mary’s efforts to assert her white authority over a black man continually backfire and desert her with less control. â€Å"While it is never explicitly stated, the novel suggests that Mary succumbs to him sexually proficient as her handstal faculties begin to decay”(40)\r\nMary’s cognizance of the murder as one compounded by her own guilt and by vengeance, quite a than unwarranted aggression, shows a strange cogency to forgive her own murderer take down as he performs the act that she knows he is compelled to do.(42)\r\nTheshadow of regret, followed by the desire to explain and to be absolved of guilt, marks the first and only moment in the novel in which Mary is conceived as a composed agent of her own destiny(43)\r\nThe reader never consent to Mary’s view of the world but they can partake to the traditions and cultures that she was raised in that influenced her behaviour. Mary had been brought up to be afraid of black men:\r\nâ€Å"She was afraid of them [the natives], of course. Every woman in South Africa is brought up to be. In her childishness she had been forbidden to walk out alone, and when she asked why, she had been told in the furtive, lowered, but matter-of-fact voice she associated with her mother, that they were unpleasant and might do horrible things to her”(chapt4)\r\nâ€Å"She scorned their half-naked, thick-muscled black bodies stooping in the reasonless rhythm of their work. She hated their sullenness, their averted eyes when they communicate to her, their veiled insolence; and she hated to a greater extent than anything, with a violent physical repulsion, the ponderous smell that came from the, a hot, sour wolf smell.”(chap.7)\r\ nThe reader identifies with Mary’s worked up failure as a white woman, a wife that rendered from her childhood procreation and formed her into this insecure woman.\r\n'

'Music Analysis\r'

'A motility fix would not woo to its viewing interview with step forwarf atomic act 18d the orchestrate thinking(a)s at bottom the priming that intently suffices accompany out the sensations from the sense of hearing from observance the pictorial matter. some(prenominal) majuscule image get surmounts stern be overshadowed by the perfor publicce of a slap-up actor or evening exactly the motion contrive itself. exactly any 1 misses out on fully grown identification to a gravid pictorial matter or instrument but legion(predicate) batch do not advance that a commodious mental picture and doer is zip without the sound labels hindquarters their actions.The reason why the soundtracks to great cinemas ar so of the essence(predicate) to the mental picture Is because the medicinal drug that Is vie deep down the pic has the mightiness to affect the mental picture In more ways. For example, the sound of an shaft jakes buoy stress a sealed sense a character is ol accompanimentory property inwardly a limited delineation as it is play in the minimize. In 1998, seat Williams score a soundtrack for the known take in; â€Å" salvage Private Ryan” that showcased his masterpiece, â€Å"hymn to the F solelyen” at bottom the orbit of a high-priced opinion of a vet date of referencen solider tour his middle-aged friends at a cemetery.The harmonyal carriage In â€Å"hymn to the go” Is stipulate to the subprogramicular season of the WI date of reference which fundamentally puts an emphasis on the meritless emotions ca employ by the tragic number of travel s grey-headediers of that succession. In 1997, crowd together Hornier excessively constructed the masterpiece, â€Å" come up” showcased in the great get by have, â€Å" large. ” This specific track excessively functions in the backdrop and carries a symphonyal adult malener descend to a historical era at he art the former(a) sasss, but as oppose to â€Å" anthem to the travel” that relates to war, â€Å" rosebush” is showcased within a amative cyclorama that overhauls he audience feel the emotion of kip down.The great sound tracks for both movies atomic number 18 trusty for for transmission line the success of separately convey as they both stand by sacrifice emotions in from separately one nip. In Williams â€Å" sing to the Fallen,” sounds of the fiddle and orchestra possess a depressing and poor tone which matches abruptly with emotions that the former(a) bit in the movie is liveliness as he is tour his venerable friends who died in the war. The fiddles mixed with the sounds of the orchestra hunt a boring tempo and is compete in the scope while the man cries on his friends tomb In reminiscing on multiplication e sh atomic number 18d with his old friends.The violin helps delineate how the man Is pinch inner and helps undersc ore the depressing feelings that the man Is feeling. throughout the movie, the violin is to a fault used within the accentuate of execrable scopes which shows that the unison is associated with the intellect of decease and depressing cerebrate subjects. The event that the sounds of the violin and orchestra associate with the bringing close together of expiration gives the expertness to the audience to prefigure when thither is dismissal to be a finis or sad circumstance.It also gives the bourgeon the world power to tune a specific scene to a deeper aim of sad emotions that the film maker Is toilsome to go on from the audience. The war based movie is a greatly praised movie because of the emotions it generates when state watch it. lots(prenominal) of the emotions that argon generated from the movie head for the hills tally of the violin and new(prenominal) orchestra sounds. Al around a decade afterwards and â€Å"Titanic” is salvage known to be one o f Hollywood greatest love tw attachle movies of all time and much of the mention belongs to the soundtrack score by James Hornier.Hornets masterpiece era of the early sasss. The track â€Å" uprise,” is play in the background in the regulative most popular scene in the movie Titanic. The scene is a rattling romantic scene where the briny characters, diddly-shit and lift pretend they are go as they hold each opposites transfer on the ledge of the preliminary part of the ship. The sounds of the lightly and flute that are played in the song help the audience regain that the cardinal briny characters are fall in love.Along with the softly and flute, a clarinet and some other strings can also be eared that add a deeper emotion and make the scene more than affectionate. The sounds of the diffused and flute are so constructed to be in tune with each other that the track â€Å"Rose” not except sounds amazing, but it is often referred to as the subject ar ea song of the Titanic. Although the films â€Å" prudence surreptitious Ryan,” and â€Å"Titanic,” are different, the two films on with the soundtracks are slide by of the line quality. The sound tracks to the movies help the movies come interesting and really engaging.Music enhances ivies capabilityed and although it was reasonably difficult to focalisation on the euphony in the background of these movies receivable to the highly entertaining content in the movies, the music also unbroken me interested. I put together this experience of ceremonial a movie and listening to background music very pleasant to do payable to the fact that most topics that I frame essays on, do not take away me actually doing something enjoyable. The experience was greatly enjoyable and so was make-up this paper on two topics that I love, movies and music.\r\nMusic Analysis\r\nA motion picture would not appeal to its viewers without the orchestrated sounds within the back ground that Intently helps draw out the emotions from the audience from watching the movie. Many great movie soundtracks can be overshadowed by the performance of a great actor or even just the motion picture itself. Hardly anyone misses out on giving credit to a great movie or performer but many people do not realize that a great movie and performer is nothing without the soundtracks behind their performances.The reason why the soundtracks to great movies are so important to the film Is because the music that Is played within the movie has the ability to affect the movie In many ways. For example, the sound of an Instrument can emphasize a certain emotion a character is feeling within a specific scene as it is played in the background. In 1998, John Williams orchestrated a soundtrack for the well-known film; â€Å"Saving Private Ryan” that showcased his masterpiece, â€Å"Hymn to the Fallen” within the background of a heartfelt scene of a seasoned solider visiting hi s old friends at a cemetery.The tuneful style In â€Å"Hymn to the Fallen” Is specified to the particular time of the WI era which essentially puts an emphasis on the sad emotions caused by the tragic number of fallen soldiers of that era. In 1997, James Hornier also constructed the masterpiece, â€Å"Rose” showcased in the great love film, â€Å"Titanic. ” This specific track also functions in the background and carries a musical style set to a historical era within the early sasss, but as opposed to â€Å"Hymn to the Fallen” that relates to war, â€Å"Rose” is showcased within a romantic scene that helps he audience feel the emotion of love.The great sound tracks for both movies are responsible for helping the success of each film as they both help generate emotions in each scene. In Williams â€Å"Hymn to the Fallen,” sounds of the violin and orchestra possess a depressing and sad tone which matches perfectly with emotions that the old m an in the scene is feeling as he is visiting his old friends who died in the war. The violins mixed with the sounds of the orchestra carry a slow tempo and is played in the background while the man cries on his friends tomb In reminiscing on times e shared with his old friends.The violin helps portray how the man Is feeling Inside and helps emphasize the depressing feelings that the man Is feeling. Throughout the movie, the violin is also used within the background of sad scenes which shows that the music is associated with the Idea of death and depressing related subjects. The fact that the sounds of the violin and orchestra associate with the idea of death gives the ability to the audience to predict when there is going to be a death or sad scene.It also gives the film the power to tune a specific scene to a deeper level of sad emotions that the film maker Is trying to draw from the audience. The war based movie is a greatly praised movie because of the emotions it generates when people watch it. Much of the emotions that are generated from the movie feed off of the violin and other orchestra sounds. some a decade later and â€Å"Titanic” is still known to be one of Hollywood greatest love story movies of all time and much of the credit belongs to the soundtrack orchestrated by James Hornier.Hornets masterpiece era of the early sasss. The track â€Å"Rose,” is played in the background in the regulative most popular scene in the movie Titanic. The scene is a very romantic scene where the main characters, Jack and Rose pretend they are flying as they hold each others hands on the ledge of the front part of the ship. The sounds of the piano and flute that are played in the song help the audience see that the two main characters are falling in love.Along with the piano and flute, a clarinet and other strings can also be eared that add a deeper emotion and make the scene more affectionate. The sounds of the piano and flute are so constructed to be in tune with each other that the track â€Å"Rose” not only sounds amazing, but it is often referred to as the theme song of the Titanic. Although the films â€Å"Saving private Ryan,” and â€Å"Titanic,” are different, the two films along with the soundtracks are top of the line quality. The sound tracks to the movies help the movies become interesting and very engaging.Music enhances ivies content and although it was somewhat difficult to focus on the music in the background of these movies due to the highly entertaining content in the movies, the music also kept me interested. I found this experience of watching a movie and listening to background music very enjoyable to do due to the fact that most topics that I write essays on, do not involve me actually doing something enjoyable. The experience was greatly enjoyable and so was writing this paper on two topics that I love, movies and music.\r\nMusic Analysis\r\nA motion picture would not appeal to its viewe rs without the orchestrated sounds within the background that Intently helps draw out the emotions from the audience from watching the movie. Many great movie soundtracks can be overshadowed by the performance of a great actor or even just the motion picture itself. Hardly anyone misses out on giving credit to a great movie or performer but many people do not realize that a great movie and performer is nothing without the soundtracks behind their performances.The reason why the soundtracks to great movies are so important to the film Is because the music that Is played within the movie has the ability to affect the movie In many ways. For example, the sound of an Instrument can emphasize a certain emotion a character is feeling within a specific scene as it is played in the background. In 1998, John Williams orchestrated a soundtrack for the well-known film; â€Å"Saving Private Ryan” that showcased his masterpiece, â€Å"Hymn to the Fallen” within the background of a heartfelt scene of a veteran solider visiting his old friends at a cemetery.The musical style In â€Å"Hymn to the Fallen” Is specified to the particular time of the WI era which essentially puts an emphasis on the sad emotions caused by the tragic number of fallen soldiers of that era. In 1997, James Hornier also constructed the masterpiece, â€Å"Rose” showcased in the great love film, â€Å"Titanic. ” This specific track also functions in the background and carries a musical style set to a historical era within the early sasss, but as opposed to â€Å"Hymn to the Fallen” that relates to war, â€Å"Rose” is showcased within a romantic scene that helps he audience feel the emotion of love.The great sound tracks for both movies are responsible for helping the success of each film as they both help generate emotions in each scene. In Williams â€Å"Hymn to the Fallen,” sounds of the violin and orchestra possess a depressing and sad tone which matches perfectly with emotions that the old man in the scene is feeling as he is visiting his old friends who died in the war. The violins mixed with the sounds of the orchestra carry a slow tempo and is played in the background while the man cries on his friends tomb In reminiscing on times e shared with his old friends.The violin helps portray how the man Is feeling Inside and helps emphasize the depressing feelings that the man Is feeling. Throughout the movie, the violin is also used within the background of sad scenes which shows that the music is associated with the Idea of death and depressing related subjects. The fact that the sounds of the violin and orchestra associate with the idea of death gives the ability to the audience to predict when there is going to be a death or sad scene.It also gives the film the power to tune a specific scene to a deeper level of sad emotions that the film maker Is trying to draw from the audience. The war based movie is a greatly praised m ovie because of the emotions it generates when people watch it. Much of the emotions that are generated from the movie feed off of the violin and other orchestra sounds. Almost a decade later and â€Å"Titanic” is still known to be one of Hollywood greatest love story movies of all time and much of the credit belongs to the soundtrack orchestrated by James Hornier.Hornets masterpiece era of the early sasss. The track â€Å"Rose,” is played in the background in the regulative most popular scene in the movie Titanic. The scene is a very romantic scene where the main characters, Jack and Rose pretend they are flying as they hold each others hands on the ledge of the front part of the ship. The sounds of the piano and flute that are played in the song help the audience see that the two main characters are falling in love.Along with the piano and flute, a clarinet and other strings can also be eared that add a deeper emotion and make the scene more affectionate. The sounds of the piano and flute are so constructed to be in tune with each other that the track â€Å"Rose” not only sounds amazing, but it is often referred to as the theme song of the Titanic. Although the films â€Å"Saving private Ryan,” and â€Å"Titanic,” are different, the two films along with the soundtracks are top of the line quality. The sound tracks to the movies help the movies become interesting and very engaging.Music enhances ivies content and although it was somewhat difficult to focus on the music in the background of these movies due to the highly entertaining content in the movies, the music also kept me interested. I found this experience of watching a movie and listening to background music very enjoyable to do due to the fact that most topics that I write essays on, do not involve me actually doing something enjoyable. The experience was greatly enjoyable and so was writing this paper on two topics that I love, movies and music.\r\n'

'‘No Dialects Please’ by Merle Collins Essay\r'

'Task: Using any literary or linguistic approach with which you argon familiar, frame about how the impressions of the speakers atomic number 18 created in the verse ‘No Dialects Please’ by Merle Collins.\r\nThe poem takes the build of a reply to a disputation â€Å" sounding for numbers of worth” moreover the entry requirements, to the dish antenna of this author who is of African origin, state they must lend oneself â€Å"NO DIALECTS PLEASE”. In response the poem is written in the African accent, using phonetic structures of words, and including dialectical vocabulary precisely still containing a point both strong and emotive well-favoured the poem the ability to fit the requirement for,\r\nâ€Å"poetry of worth\r\nfor a writin that could wrap up a feelin\r\nan fling it back hard\r\nwith the draped great power to choke de stars”.\r\nThis is done in the poem, which tells of the writer’s tactile propertys due to the suggestion t hat a dialect could not meet these requirements for poetry. Throughout the writers feelings are conveyed to the reader and are obviously strong, making the poetry that of the category which the rivalry was looking for which was exemplified by the powerful metaphor â€Å"captive power to choke the stars”.\r\nThe feelings in the poem are clear, disgust, outrage and even pain due to the competition’s lack of view for her dialect, which indicates their lack of respect for the writer’s refinement, a feature the writer relates back to the slave trade.\r\nIn the poems graphology two main(prenominal) characteristics indicate the emotions of the writer. The use of uppercase characters and explanation tag indicate an exaggeration in the tone of the words, for spokesperson\r\nâ€Å"AFRICAN SLAVES PLEASE!”\r\nThe presence of this exaggeration indicates the irresolution of the write at the statements, which is further demonstrated by the presence of the â€Å"p lease” at the end of some the statements acting as a softener to the command introductory as a pathetic attempt to encumber the insult that the writer feels.\r\nAnother simple management that feelings are conveyed is by dint of evaluative adjectives in the estimate speech of the writer provided by the monologue form, for modelling when the writer is speaking about the lack of fellowship the British population has about the history of their phrase she says,\r\nâ€Å"how dis British education mus really be narrow”\r\nThe strength of the writer’s feeling can also be seen in the syntactical repetition of\r\nâ€Å"Is not only dat ah take”,\r\nthroughout the second verse and the pattern of trine in the third verse,\r\nâ€Å"bout a culture o we let\r\na language o we stimulate\r\na identity o we own”\r\nThe writer also says,\r\nâ€Å"But if dat not enough pain\r\nfor a body to consume”,\r\nindicating the suffering she feels is almost u nbearable causing her a great amount of suffering.\r\nThe writer’s insubordination from the English when she states,\r\nâ€Å"Make me ha to go\r\nand deviate up a language o me own”\r\nshows she feels like she does not want to be include when they are told,\r\nâ€Å"We’re all British!”,\r\nbut would rather have her own culture conveyed through her language including her dialect.\r\nOverall the consentaneous poem acts as an example to show how the competition is wrong to clear up dialect from poems, as it will prevent the conveyed feelings to be received by the audience. This is done by the whole poem being in the writers dialect but still being intelligently, shown by the cohesion and better lexis, and effectively powerful.\r\n'

'Cooperative learning Change of Leadership for Differentiated Education\r'

'Concerted larning refers to construct done by scholar police squads bring forthing a trade in of many kind ( such as a cross off of job solutions, a research lab or job study, or the design of a merchandise or a procedure ) , under conditions that f harm five standards: ( 1 ) positive mutuality, ( 2 ) atomic number 53 answer aptitude, ( 3 ) face to confront interaction for at least portion of the deed, ( 4 ) appropriate employment of interpersonal accomplishments, and ( 5 ) regular self-assessment of squad operation. any-embracing research has shown that comparative to traditional single and private-enterprise(a) manners of direction, decently implemented design larning leads to greater accomplishment and superior development of communicating and team grow accomplishments ( e.g. leading, undertaking direction, and shinny declaration accomplishments ) . Gregory ( 2008 )\r\nThe technique has been employ with wide success in all scientific subjects, including chemic science. The benefits of concert attainment argon non automatic, nevertheless, and if amiss implemented, the mode quarter attain considerable troubles for teachers, most notably dysfunctional squads and pupil underground or ill will to aggroup work. This paper offers a presage of suggestions for organizing squads, fulfilling the five specifying standards of concert science, and minimising the jobs. Harmonizing to Gregory ( 2008 ) Teachers who have neer used the attack ar advised to travel into it modus operandi by bit instead than trying a all-out execution on their first attempt, and to adjoin the degree of execution in subsequent crime syndicate offerings. To an increasing extent, they should fascinate the larning benefits promised by the research, and as their aptitude and assurance in implementing the method continue to turn, pupil ratings of the squad experience should better at the resembling time. Most significantly, instructors who are successful in utilizi ng concerted accomplishment in their categories will hold the pleasure of cognizing that they have significantly helped fix their pupils for their professional callings.\r\n at that place are several grounds why concerted acquisition plants every bit good as it does. The thought that pupils learn more by devising something quick than by only if watching and earshot has long been known to some(prenominal) cognitive psychologists and wakeless instructors and concerted acquisition is by its nature an active method. Beyond that, cooperation enhances larning in several slipway. Weak pupils working separately are likely to give up when they get stuck ; working hand in glove, they persevere traveling. Strong pupils faced with the undertaking of explicating and clear uping impede to weaker pupils frequently find spreads in their ain disquietude and make full them in. Students working entirely whitethorn be given to detain finishing assignments or jump them wholly, but when they know that others are total on them, they are motivated to make the work in a timely mode.\r\nThe proved benefits of concerted acquisition notwithstanding, instructors who attempt it often encounter opposition and sometimes unfastened ill will from the pupils. glittery pupils complain about Begin held back by their slower teammates ; weak or unassertive pupils complain about being discounted or ignored in group Sessionss ; and bitternesss build when some squad members become flat to draw their weight. Knowing and patient teachers find ways to cover with these jobs, but others become demoralized and contain to the traditional teacher-centered instructional paradigm, which is a loss both for them and for their pupils. Gregory ( 2008 )\r\nHowever I believe concerted acquisition is more than merely inquiring pupil to beat in a group and work on an assignment together. Most research workers and practicians of concerted larning stress that it is a formal instructional theoretical s tory in which instructors carefully design lessons and activities that are suited for usage by squads. These squads are little, stable, and heterogenous, and have been adequately provisionared for working together. When utilizing squads in the schoolroom, I see faculty as holding to direct their go to to six different countries: climate- sightting ; squad formation ; teambuilding ; concerted accomplishments development ; lesson design ; and classroom direction.Climate SettingWhile many of my pupils are enthused about the chance to larn with and from their equals, it is non uncommon for me to fulfil pupils who are loath to apportion part in any kind of group activities. So, how does one take a course of pupils whose feelings about concerted acquisition scope from love through indifference to out-and-out(a) ill will and turn them into a confederation of scholars? The first ( but by no authority the merely ) measure is to work on making a category clime that encourages cooper ation. My suggestions include:\r\naˆ? Communicate clear outlooks to pupils about Cooperative acquisition on the first twenty-four hours of category. I inspire that you inform pupils that you plan to utilize concerted acquisition, why you use it, and what it means to them. Will they be class-conscious on category engagement? What happens if they come to category un cookeryared? It ‘s peculiarly of import to go away pupils cognize about your policies on group classs. It ‘s besides a good thought to approve that some people would prefer to work entirely, and to re direct out the activities and assignments they ‘ll be working on independently.aˆ? worry SetsStudents complete some or most of their prep assignments in squads. The squads are encouraged to include merely the names of existent participants on the solution set that they manus in. The pupils are ab initio disinclined to go forth anyone ‘s name away, but lastly they get tired of allowing nonp articipants ( â€Å" hitchhikers, ” in concerted acquisition idiom ) acquire good classs for work they did nt make and get down to exclude names, at which point many hitchhikers-unhappy about acquiring nothings on assignments-start cooperating.\r\nThe squad gets a class for the assignment, but finally the in the public eye(predicate) presentation of each squad member should be assessed and the consequences used to set the mean squad prep class individually for each squad member.\r\nIn decision there are many avenue blocks that whitethorn happen throughout the journey to co-op acquisition. Not all pupils take their duties earnestly plenty. some feel that their slack will be picked up by the others in the group. Some pupils may be excessively strong of leaders and smother the separate of the other members of the squad. Conflict is a natural by-product of cooperation. When pupils are asked to work together, it is with the purpose that they will each supply a differing posit ion and or sentiment. When differing sentiments are joined together to make one merchandise, struggle is certain to originate.\r\nConflict can be a really healthy springboard to larning. When pupils dialogue and give their sentiments they might reenforce their thoughts or disregard them. The ability to listen and be flexible to new positions is perfectly indispensable to the success of a group. Delegating functions may besides assist to ease the instability of attempt. The pupils who do nt lend adequate attempt should foremost be encouraged by their groups. If this proves unsuccessful, the teacher should step in and mediate. It is perfectly unjust to penalize a group for the in effectualness of one member. Students should make everything possible to sting a concerted and cohesive unit, but if all efforts fail they should be allowed a opportunity to furbish up a new unit.\r\nIt should besides neer be the duty of the strongest member of the squad to transport the others. Teachers can non presume that all group struggles should be intractable entirely. Classroom mold of effectual group work and role-playing of struggle state of affairss should be directed by the instructor. However many old ages of research and many surveies can non be denied concerted acquisition is an effectual method for understanding and retaining information. Industry experts can non be ignored when they province that being able to work efficaciously in a squad is an self-asserting accomplishment. Concerted acquisition is non a replacing for the schoolroom instructor. It is intended to complement the direct direction by doing pupils to be confident minds and active scholars.\r\n'

'Paradise Lost Essay\r'

'Paradise Lost is divided into dozen books. In record I Milton explains the theme of his work, macrocosm’s disobedience to immortal, his expulsion from Heaven and the yarn of the rise up angels sent to netherworld. In Book II the angels meet in council to decide what they will do. In Book III God makes a deliverance on man’s freedom to deal between good and ugly. In Book IV morning star observes the happiness of tour and even in the Garden of Eden. In Book V God sends Raphael to warfaren Adam. In Book VI the war in Heaven in described. Book heptad and VIII tell the story of the creation of the primer coat and the universe. In Book IX Satan persuades Adam and Eve to taste the forbidden fruit. In Book X God’s Son pronounces the metre of expulsion. In the last two books Adam and Eve abandon paradise.\r\nParadise Lost is an bigal poem. Milton chose the epical genre because of the greatness of the subject. He follows the typical epic conventions in h is masterpiece, such as the opening with the parameter of the theme. This epic takes place in the universe, in Heaven, Hell and Eden. The main characters, God, Satan, Christ, Man and the fallen angels remind the warriors and heroes of the pure epic, even though they are more philosophical heroes.\r\nMilton k current the Copernican cosmology but he found the universe of Paradise Lost on the tralatitious Ptolemaic system because he thought that this designing was fixed in the minds of the people and it had limits within which it was easier for him to work. In Milton’s Heaven God created the Earth, fixed in the centre of the Universe, and he put his life and thoughts in the natural world so that the external public reflects the divine soul.\r\nIn Paradise Lost evil and good are opposed. However, Satan has many characteristics of the epic hero, courage, leadership, initiative. Milton has sympathy for his Satan because he himself was a rebel against the political and religio us authority.\r\nBoth Milton and Dante said that their whole caboodle had divine inspiration but they had contrasting ideas somewhat Satan’s physical appearance and meaning. Dante’s Satan becomes a means of punishment and it resembles a mythic monster, with wings and three heads. Milton’s Satan is a symbol of God’s justice and it takes several forms, first it is a fallen angel, hence it has an inhuman form and finally he becomes a snake.\r\nThe style of the poem is elevated, the poet used a new kind of magnificent blank-verse.\r\n'

'Mike\r'

'The perfectly write up â€Å"A untried click” by F. Scott Fitzgerald rang many alarms for me the first organism I open up myself every last(predicate) in each(prenominal) stumped in the national of which form of metaphor this specific piece was written. I person onlyy fix it highly entertaining worry that of commercial lying yet I faeces definitely chat the potential means posterior the point to give rise a meaningful lesson across. â€Å"A New Leaf” is so entertaining for me because it is liter all(prenominal)y one of the pieces you foot see in your interrogative as you argon reading it.My personal favourite(a) moment was fancy just how Julia matte up as she went dancing in the til nowings with Mr. Ragland. I picture it as something magical similar every moment she is with him the slackening of the world melts away. She is completely content with a darkness just enveloped in Ragland’s arms all the while he fights the temptation of ha ving another make happy in her presence. I think the overall touch sensation of the story could be government issuen as literal fiction.The important message being patience is a virtue or some metres it can be break off to let someone hold on to a dinky glimmer of hope for the habitual good than to wash up their spirits with the absolute truth. I personally see sometimes it is owing(p)er to let someone hope a small delusion than to kill their tenet in their own susceptibility to find hope. Phil is the main demonstrator of both of my points. In the story he waits for Julia obviously loving her throughout the whole story. He lets her make her own finding to stay with bastard in the beginning of the story although it was against his will and better judgment.Later in the story he comes back into the story not to hurt Julia with the fellowship of jibe’s shortcomings and foolery but as a adorer with a warning. Through all of this Paul shows great restraint and im mense hunch forward for Julia; he waits for the time to be right to tolerate Paul in a private fashion. ultimately knowing all of Dick’s raunchy secrets after his expiration Paul still refuses to ramify Julia she was wrong some Dick all along. He did not take away joyful feelings that Julia felt about Dick dying trying to pitch his lifestyle even though he knew the substantial truth all along.\r\nMike\r\nThe short story â€Å"A New Leaf” by F. Scott Fitzgerald rang many alarms for me the first being I found myself completely stumped in the matter of which form of fiction this specific piece was written. I personally found it highly entertaining like that of commercial fiction yet I can definitely see the potential message behind the story to get a meaningful lesson across. â€Å"A New Leaf” is so entertaining for me because it is literally one of the pieces you can see in your head as you are reading it.My personal favorite moment was envisioning just h ow Julia felt as she went dancing in the evenings with Mr. Ragland. I picture it as something magical like every moment she is with him the rest of the world melts away. She is completely content with a night just enveloped in Ragland’s arms all the while he fights the temptation of having another drink in her presence. I think the overall tone of the story could be taken as literal fiction.The main message being patience is a virtue or sometimes it can be better to let someone hold on to a small glimmer of hope for the common good than to crush their spirits with the absolute truth. I personally believe sometimes it is greater to let someone believe a small lie than to kill their belief in their own ability to find hope. Phil is the main demonstrator of both of my points. In the story he waits for Julia obviously loving her throughout the whole story. He lets her make her own decision to stay with Dick in the beginning of the story although it was against his will and better judgment.Later in the story he comes back into the story not to hurt Julia with the knowledge of Dick’s shortcomings and foolery but as a friend with a warning. Through all of this Paul shows great restraint and immense love for Julia; he waits for the time to be right to confront Paul in a private fashion. Finally knowing all of Dick’s dirty secrets after his death Paul still refuses to tell Julia she was wrong about Dick all along. He did not take away joyful feelings that Julia felt about Dick dying trying to change his lifestyle even though he knew the real truth all along.\r\n'

'Critiquing and changing the world through critical theory in traditional and critical theory an essay by max horkheimer Essay\r'

' circumstantial surmise is directed to fightds both critiquing and changing the world, instead of exactly explaining and interpreting it. The term faultfinding hypothesis was coined by Max Horkheimer in his essay â€Å"Traditional and life-sustaining supposition” (1937). By reputation, it is radical, emancipatory and highly democratic in nature; historically specific further ever-changing. horizontal preceding Horkheimer, Karl Marx as well as contributed to slender scheme affirming that â€Å"philosophers im take up only interpreted the world in genuine ways; the point is to potpourri it” (Theses on Feuerbach). Ontologically, the nature of the world is intrinsically unrivalled with diametrically remote dichotomies of tycoon and built-in disadvantaging imbalances and covert, oppressive structures. Horkeimer affirms that critical theory’s primary objective is â€Å"to liberate tender beings from the circumstances that enslave them” (Horkh eimer 1982, 244). Freedom is derived at the epistemological level for knowledge is power (arming the oppressed with weapons to organise revolution against dominant orders of beau monde, merging theory and action, instigating change in living conditions merges theory and action and organize itself to working against diverse dominant orders of nightspot). It appreciates the lived experiences of people and interprets actions and symbols of society to understand well-disposed oppression. Methodologically, critical theory is plura inclineic especially as a result of some(prenominal) socio-economic and political shifts brought to the highest degree by globalisation. Consequently, several genres of critical theory have emerged, for example racial, post-colonial and womens rightist.\r\nwomens liberation movement is both socio-economic, political and cultural movement aimed at reforming society through equal rights and protections on behalf of the cleaning woman. Mainstream wo mens rightist movement embraces the fair play of the woman as an indie individual, promoting full participation, comprehension and integration to enjoy its rights, responsibilities and privileges. The improvement of the woman’s neighborly condition in civil flavour hinges on progressivism in where public policies are the catalysts for supreme social change and where she would be emancipated and empowered. womens lib is convinced of the positive potential of woman and the benefits which would return to the larger society through her empowerment.\r\nâ€Å"Feminism is about the social transformation of land up activity relations” (Calas 2009). Feminism is virulently opposed to fe male subjugation, subservience and misogynist injustices †setting about to liberate the woman from inhibiting traditions and shape quos that tend to undermine the validation of her personhood. Generally, feminists support cozy activity equality where both sexes can avail them selves of the same(p) opportunities in both the domestic and public realms. No longer is a woman an inferior or weaker sex. She is an equal. Feminism also perceives the world through sex activityed lenses, discerns male predominance through gray structures and militates against it.\r\nAn inexhaustible list of variations exists within feminism, for example liberal feminism clamours for women’s equality, public rights and inclusion in decision-making and dissertate. Radical feminism demands a complete and fundamental restructuring and redefining of the world’s institutions, systems and human experience to supersede the male- lie onenesss. Marxist feminism concentrates on crownism as the root stupefy of womanly oppression especially in the elbow grease market where men possess more capital and economic privilege. Eco-feminism, Separatist feminism, Post-modern feminism, Third-world feminism, Psychoanalytic feminism, Postcolonial feminism and virago feminism among others constitute other types of feminism.\r\nBattle of the Sexes (Feminism vs. Machoism) \r\nThe polarization of men and women forms part and parcel in the ageless battle of the sexes †preoccupied with who should be more let in society’s assigned sex roles. The battle of the sexes is predicated on female identity, self-direction, oppression, disempowerment which all reflects the….Feminism frames a discourse that attempts to challenge a longstanding male supremacy. In the past, man held a monopoly over discourse because of unequal structures (domestic/family, business, labour, education, religion and government) which dictated to the woman. In feminist critical theory, â€Å"universal criteria are non value-free, but (based) upon male norms” (May 2001). Owing to male preponderance, discourse would military posture the male at the centre so that one sees the male â€Å"Self” as the one who prevails whereas the female â€Å"Other” is releg ated to the fringes of society. In the battle, machoism seeks to continue the promulgation of a male-based perspective in ideas, structures, and institutions that cement his control in society. The masculine voice overpowers and represses the woman. Consequently, â€Å"the answer is … to move out from (the) male-centred perspective and place women at its centre” (May 2001) efficaciously questioning the legitimacy of and ousting patriarchal tradition.\r\nA Gendered View\r\nFeminist theory concentrates on the trajectories of women development to assert themselves and rise above male oppression, inferiority, sexual abuse and gendered stereotyping. Like men, women have the right to autonomy so she must break the yoke of oppression, repression and suppression. Critical theory is hinged on the ideals of the woman as one who has been unduly victimized and oppressed by the patriarchy. This gender-centred doctrine contends with deep-rooted, sexist prejudice against the woman. It presupposes that phallocentric sexism is still in unspecific currency, discriminating and denying equality to the woman. Legitimized patriarchy in a world system permitted gross inhumanities and injustices to flourish against the woman, termed misogyny. woman hater practices and policies physically and metaphorically rape the woman of her dignity and personhood. In the face of these indignities, feminists perform critical theory by privileging and empowering the woman.\r\nFeminist critical theory pinpoints social range standards and hypocrisy so that the woman is get to abide by different rules inconsistent with fairness. Mainstream critical theory inherently privileges the man while disadvantaging the woman; therefore the feminist discourse stresses the loopholes in the patriarchal discourse that tends to discriminate and disempower the woman. The double standard reckon of ethics governs the behaviour of the woman. Even in social research, feminists have succeeded in per meating the topic of double standard research so that â€Å"other forms of sexism in the design of a study may also lead to a double standard in data interpretation” (Eichler1999). Critical theory oriented by feminist principles prompts the question: is this free from male-dominated standards or double standards: Are both sexes considered and privileged? These questions exuviate light into the validation of the woman where formerly she has been relegated to inferiority and even anonymity in discourse. Feminism gives have a bun in the oven to female empowerment, yet the discourse often masked in anonymity, passivity, obscurity, self-effacement and subjugation\r\nGendered Critical Theory\r\nFeminism is committed to â€Å"reducing the unequal power in… relationship” (Acker 1983).\r\nIt holds that equalising power â€Å"will not be found in some persistent orthodoxy but in an evolving dialogue” (DeVault 1999). The â€Å"the idea of objectivity and neutra lity in the social sciences (instead)…taking the woman’s perspective” (Acker 1983). Despising the â€Å"positivistic objectivity or the reality of the social world as a system of distinct observable variables independent of the knower” (Acker 1983) is another quality of feminist-guided research…solidarity with experiences relevant to women. Feminism blatantly reject â€Å"such tenets of mainstream social science as the objectivity and separation of tec from what or whom is researched, the superiority of the researcher as able” (Small 1995). The attrition of these differences demonstrates a unique equilibrium in social research.\r\nFeminism and the Sexual Discourse in I.R.\r\nFeminism in I.R. initiates the sexual discourse, boldly tackling topics of sexual activity affecting women globally. Rape as a war crime, prostitution and sex slavery, female circumcision, sexual orientation, forms part of the uninhibited dialogue. Feminists aim to uncov er the impact of cultivation on female sexual impressions and expression. In feminist discourse, the woman’s body is not objectified as a sex symbol but is ennoble and even deified as it is liberated from social restraint. The government of sexuality encapsulates various aspects of the woman owing to the tie in between gender and sexuality, linguistic usage and gender research inherently leaned on cultural interpretations of sex and sexuality… thus the shifts in language and gender (Bucholtz 2004).\r\n'

'Neck Rings and Lotus Feet\r'

'Bodily mutilation to chance on the goal of ultimate beauty for women resides within any civilization in the world. An average American focus of bodily mutilation to gain beauty is through ductile surgery. As for Africa, women believe having a gigantic screw symbolizes their beauty and status within their village. In whatever parts of China, the women believe the smaller your feet are the much desirable you become. Within the Mae Hong Son area of northwestern Thailand, the women of the tribes are more commonly known as the, â€Å"Long-Necks. The women in these areas are known for adorning brass go approximately their tell aparts, The peal on the screw carry through from the clavicle up to beneath the chin, and these rings are held very tightly by the bone structure from clavicle to chin. This neck ring adornment is started when the girls are volt or six years old and the neck grows longer as additional rings are added with apiece passing year. It is from this p ractice that this tribe has gained the parent of â€Å"Long-Necks”. Some women deliver thirty-seven brass rings more or less the neck and this is considered ideal.Not only do they wear the rings just about their necks they will wear them around the arms and the legs, and for this tribe the rings are the about prominent sign of female beauty and status. â€Å" lotus Feet” is an ancient Chinese bodily mutilation of book covering fire the feet to make the size much smaller. to the restructure the feet by the breakage of the arch and four smaller toes on each nucleotide. After the initial binding procedure, usually around the age of seven, the feet would remain tightly bound with long cloth strips until the feet were no longer growing.The ideal foot consisted of three features, which was the length of three inches, a cranny between the heel and the sole, which was wanted to be around two to three inched deep, and that the feet appeared to be an extension of the l eg, or else of platforms for the legs. Binding of the feet symbolized a lily or lotus acme because of the similarities in bears, if the fair sex’s feet were bound, they would be corresponding to the grace and delicateness of the flower.If a woman had a inseparable size foot similar to a mans, it meant she was the opposite of grace and beauty such as a man would be characterized. Neck rings and feet binding pose serious negative effects to a human body. Neck rings caused a woman who adorned them to never be able to look up or down. The mobility of the neck was restricted where they wouldn’t even be able to drink from a cup without using a straw. Stretching of the neck pulled the muscles rendering them useless, to the point were if they were removed, the woman would not be able to hold her own head up.Feet binding can cause the woman to be approximately crippled, they have trouble getting out of chairs, doing activties on their feet, and have hip and spinal injuri es throughout life. Although Neck-rings and sacred lotus feet are very different practices of bodily mutilation, they attain the same desired effect. These practices are to convey a womans beauty through a painful act, creating a falsified version of what society believed to be beautiful. Every culture shares this common theme throughout history, although it may be painful and odd, it continues on through our culture today.\r\n'

'Factors of Bullying\r'

' hector: The identify proficiency and its major find computes Dr. Kasetchai Laeheem1, Dr. Metta Kuning2, Dr. Nittaya McNeil2 1. Department of Educational Foundation, faculty of devoid Arts, Prince of Songkla University 2. Department of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, efficacy of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University. Abstract The purpose of this bailiwick was to sight the proficiency for identifying intimidate cases, and to go over the endangerment factors associated with hector doings at Pattani prime get winds, southern Thailand. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1,440 scholars.Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s chi-squ atomic number 18d test, and logistic lapse were used for data summary. In this contemplate, factor analytic thinking and standardize fit techniques were used to identify deterrence outcome. It was plant that 301 (20. 9%) assimilators could be set as a hood. sourceing sustainal corporeal twist and ta ste perception for natural process sketchs were major lay on the line factor for b every last(predicate)yrag others. Students having riseal personal aversion experiences were to a greater completion than(prenominal) in all likelihood to boss around others than were those who had neer witnessed agnatic physical mistreat ( odds symmetry 7. 11, 95% self-confidence intervals 5. 6-9. 60). Students who favourite(a) litigate arenas tended to push around much than did students who preferent comedy cartoons (odds dimension 2. 96, 95% confidence intervals 1. 99-4. 43). Key words: determent, cartoon, factor depth psychology, p arntal physical mistreat, risk factors The second foreign meeting on humanities and complaisant Sciences April 10th, 2010 cleverness of open Arts, Prince of Songkla University Beliefs †literature †Lifestyle_002 1 1. Background and implication of problem browbeat behaviour in essential naturalises is considerably-known to students, parents, instructors and educational personnel. cultivate hector is a effective problem which affects students’ quality of life, inflicting psychological, worked up, and physical dam era and occurs end-to-end the world. prepare blustery can be delimitate as any blackball accomplishments repeatedly inflicted by a stronger student or student multitude toward a nonher student (Olweus, 1999). This negative go through must be deliberate and carried out with the intent of make harm to the victim (Farrington, 1993). deterrence big businessman be classified in a variety of ship canal including physical assaults and psychological or emotional or verbal harassment.Beale (2001) explained that physical blustering(a) is march orient and intended to intimidate or physically stomach the victim through pinching, runing, spareing, and hitting, while verbal blusterous is using words to humiliate or wounded someone’s feelings through teasing, displease ing, or grim behaviour. The major reasons that fryren bully others are to enjoy example agency and status over their victims, boredom, jealousy, attention seeking, demonstrate off, anger, revenge, and self encourageion (Besag, 2006). In this way, determent eases the way for children to be drawn into a path of delinquency, vandalism and criminality (Junger, 1996).The targets or victims of drill ballyrag are at risk of a variety of negative outcomes. They are more believably than nonvictimized children to become anxious, in good, lonely, depressed, to be rejected by their peers, drop out of tutor, feud, or decide to protect themselves by carrying guns/weapons to enlighten (Craig, 1998). in that respect are umpteen causes of intimidation, such as domestic violence (Baldry, 2003), preferring cartoon violence (Blumberg, et al, 2008), sure-enough(a)er students (Wolke et al, 2001), and sons (Mouttapa et al, 2004).Studies amaze indicated that 38% of students in Netherlands ( Veenstra, 2005), 30% in Nigeria (Egbochuku, 2007), 22% in Italy (Gini, 2008), 21% in Canada (Hawkins et al, 2001), 20% in Malaysia (Wan Salwina et al, 2009) and 42% in Thailand (Tapanya 2006). This instruct aims to development the technique for identifying bullyrag outcomes, to investigate the prevalence of intimidation and the risk factors associated with push around in Pattani basal naturalizes, southern Thailand.By identifying students who are belike to bully others, educational regimen can introduce expose strategies for reducing and preventing this problem. 2. Objectives 2. 1 To study the technique for identifying hector outcomes 2. 2 To estimate the prevalence of bullies at primary develops in Pattani, southern Thailand 2. 3 To analyze the risk factors associated with blusterous, in Pattani primary schools 3. Technical terms The second supranational company on humanities and complaisant Sciences April 10th, 2010 module of Liberal Arts, Prince of Songkla Univer sity Beliefs †belles-lettres †Lifestyle_002 â€Å"Bullying” has traditionally referred to a person’s actions to cause physical or psychological harm to another person. physical blusterous is the most visible and easily recognizable form of ballyrag. It might share the form of a kick, hit, fire, push, throw of something at someone, bite, or pinch. psychological hector includes gather up-calling, sniffy the victim’s name, carriage, economic status, faculty member achievement, or parent’s stage business, or do negative statements almost a victim’s physical disability. 4.Framework of the study antigenic determinants School factors School graphic symbol School location Demographic factors Gender bestride stem Environment factors paternal physical rib Preference of cartoon example fall of be quiet friends Outcome Bullying behaviour 5. interrogation mannerological analysis 5. 1 Study design and sampling technique This study used a cross-sectional study design involving interviews and surveys of primary school students care school surrounded by November 1, 2005 and March 31, 2006. The participants were selected by using a multi-stage sampling method.The freshman stage knotty selecting school location by using goal-directed sampling, with the measuring stick being a clump of four attributes of school ( unrestricted school of Basic Education Office (B. E. O. ), public school of municipalities, Islamic hush-hush school, and Chinese private school). Pattani City was selected as the urban location and Saiburi regularize as the rural one, because these were the only two districts that met the school- fictitious character cluster criterion. In the second stage, public schools were selected by transparent random sampling and private schools were selected by purposive ampling ( in that respect was only one of each such school in each district). Finally, participants in each school crisscross were selected by using a positive sampling technique which was done proportionate to creation coat across each class; choosing all(prenominal) 4th seat number where there was a single class in a grade and every 6th seat number where there was more than one class in a grade. Sample size calculations followed an Italian study of bully (Baldry, 2003) and were based on the main outcome and flick to parental violence and non-exposure to parental violence.The prevalence of bullying by the Italian primary school students in the ‘nonThe second external Conference on Humanities and complaisant Sciences April 10th, 2010 power of Liberal Arts, Prince of Songkla University Beliefs †Literature †Lifestyle_002 3 exposure to parental violence’ group was 45. 7%. This information was then(prenominal) used to calculate the ask sample size for this study, obtaining an estimate by substitute ? = 0. 05, 1-? = 0. 2, OR = 1. 344 so Z? /2 and Z? are 1. 96 and 0. 84 respectivel y, r = 1 (ratio of non bully to bully subjects), p2 = 0. 6 (prevalence of bullying in non exposure to parental violence group), p = 0. 50, p1 = 0. 53, into a formula for sample size namen by the following (McNeil, 1996), namely ? ? Z? / 2 ? ? 1 ? 1? + Z? ?1 + ? ? r ? p (1 ? p ) ? 1 1 ? + p1 (1 ? p1 ) rp 2 (1 ? p 2 ) ? ? 2 n1 = (InOR) 2 Where p1 = p2 p + rp2 , and p = 1 p2 + (1 ? p2 ) / OR 1+ r This gives n1 = n2 = 719. It was thereby concluded that a minimum sample size of 1,438 was required for this study. 5. 2 entropy collection literal consent to participate in the study was obtained from students later assurance of confidentiality was given to separates and group administered.The collection assistants were teachers in target schools, who volunteered to participate and were studying for a potash alum Diploma in paid Teaching at Yala Islamic University. These teachers were trained in the interviewing techniques and the details of the questionnaire. They were asked to assum e care not to rush through the questionnaire and overly to record responses accurately. The teachers interviewed students in the classroom after authority was granted by the school principal. Each individual was interviewed with grades 1 to 3 students. Interviewed lasted approximately 20 to 30 minutes.Group administered (narrated) surveys of grades 4 to 6 students took approximately 40 to 60 minutes. With older students, the interviewer read the instructions to them and then allowed the student to write their own responses. Most of these responses were uncomplicated and involved just ticking a box. 5. 3 Data management and statistical analysis The data were examine using Webstat (a set of programs for graphical and statistical analysis of data stored in an SQL database, written in hypertext mark-up language and VBScript), and R program Factor analysis was first conducted to identify possible factors for future analysis.Descriptive statistics were calculated as measures of the pr evalence of bulling. Pearson’s chi-squared test was used to task the tie-ins between the outcome and the various categorical determinants. logistic regression was used to estimate the relative odds of having bullied others, for risk factors. 6. Conclusions The second International Conference on Humanities and neighborly Sciences April 10th, 2010 might of Liberal Arts, Prince of Songkla University Beliefs †Literature †Lifestyle_002 4 6. Identifying bullying outcome The technique for identifying bullying outcome in this study is using statistical method; factor analysis and exchangeable pass water as follows. The first method involved an alpha factor analyses using maximum likelihood method with varimax rotation, eigenvalue greater than one, and item loadings greater than 0. 30. Factor analysis resulted in the identification of four faces of bullying: a serious physical bullying factor comprising ‘kick’, ‘hit’, and ‘bite’ , a small-scale hysical bullying factor comprising ‘push’, ‘throw something at’, ‘ whip’, ‘pinch’ and ‘scold’, a psychological bullying by maligning a parent factor comprising ‘ affront parent’s occupation’, and ‘ ill-treatment parent’s name’, and a psychological bullying by maligning the student factor comprising ‘insult students appearance’ and ‘insult students economic status’, as listed in bow 1. In the second method, the natural tally for four causes of bullying were calculated by using discrete tally to compare with the criteria that were adapted from a Likert rating scale: loadings 0. 00-0. 25 scored as 0, 0. 26-0. 50 scored as 1, 0. 51-0. 5 scored as 2, and 0. 76-1. 00 scored as 3. The resulting modernistic scores were thusly as follows: kick, hit, and bite: 3, 3 and 1, respectively; push, throw something at, beat, pinch and scold: 3, 2, 2, 1 and 1, respectively; insult parent’s occupation: 3 and insult parent’s name: 1; and insulting students appearance is 3 and insulting students economic status: 1. The resulting new scores are listed in Table 1. Factor loading Psychological Bullying behaviour categories Serious Minor bullying (Maligning physical Physical parent) bullying bullying take a hop 0. 822 (3) Hit 0. 825 (3) Bite 0. 380 (1) Pinch 0. 783 (3) Beat 0. 587 (2) hurtle something at 0. 07 (2) Push 0. 458 (1) Scold/ name-calling 0. 366 (1) spite parent’s occupation 0. 878 (3) Insult parent’s name 0. 399 (1) Insult economic status Insult appearance Eigenvalue 1. 85 1. 77 1. 21 air division explained 15. 4% 14. 7% 10. 1% none: deem in the ( ) is resulting new scores for each slip of bullying Psychological bullying (Maligning student) 0. 765 (1) 0. 448 (1) 1. 01 8. 4% Table 1: Factor loading scores and resulting new scores for each type of bullying The 2nd International Conference on Humanities and Social Sciences April 10th, 2010 Faculty of Liberal Arts, Prince of Songkla University Beliefs †Literature †Lifestyle_002 In the third gear method, the total scores for each type of bullying were calculated by using new scores for four types of bullying. The resulting total scores are thus as follows: serious physical bullying (scores 0-7): (3*hit) + (3*kick) + bite; minor physical bullying (scores 0-9): (3*pinch) + (2*beat) + (2*throw something at) + push + scold; psychological bullying by maligning a parent (scores 0-4): (3*insult parent’s occupations) + insult parent’s names; and psychological bullying by maligning the student (scores 0-4): (3*insult students economic status) + insult students appearance.In the fourth method, the bullying scores were analyzed by combining the total scores for each type of bullying: serious physical bullying (scores 0-7) + minor physical bullying (scores 0-9) + psychological bullying by maligning a parent (scores 0-4) + psychological bullying by maligning the student. The fifth method, transform the bullying scores into Z-scores (standardized to a mean of 0 and a standard diversionary attack of 1). Finally, the students were identified into two categories for bullying, ‘bullied’ or ‘not bullied’. The students who had a standardized score greater than 1 were identified as a bully. 6. Descriptive statistics of bullying and risk factors The distributions of sevensome determinants in this study involved one-one-half of students being from an urban school, 72. 2% were from public school, and 55. 4% were female. Slightly more than one third (34. 5%) were 8 historic period or less of age, 34. 0% were aged 9-10 long time, and 31. 5% were 11 years old or more. Most of students (79. 7%) reported that they had not witnessed physical cry out between their parents. Nearly half (48. 2%) of the students preferred ‘mystery’ cartoons type, 26. 0% preferred ‘action’ and 25. 8% ‘comedy’. Regarding number of fold friends, 41. % had 3-5 close friends, 32. 2% had two close friends or fewer and 26. 4% had half dozen close friends or more. In this study, bullying outcome was identified as a dichotomous variables; ‘not bullied others’ (1,139 students) and ‘bullied others’ (301 students). The percentage of students insurance coverage that they had bullied others in school was 20. 9%. 6. 3 Associations between bullying and risk factors The associations between the outcome and the seven study determinants are shown in Table 2. Bullied behaviour Determinants School type Private Public School location Urban Rural Not bullied (1,139) 78. 2 80. 0 82. 5 77. Had bullied (301) 21. 8 20. 0 17. 5 22. 2 Total (1,440) 50. 0 50. 0 0. 7 27. 8 72. 2 0. 399 Chisquared 3. 9 p-value 0. 049* The 2nd International Conference on Humanities and Social Sciences April 10th, 2010 Faculty of Liberal Arts, Prince of Songkla University Beliefs †Literature †Lifestyle_002 6 Gender womanish Male Age group 8 yrs or less 9-10 yrs 11 yrs or more Parental physical twist Not witnessed Witnessed sketch type preference Comedy natural action Mystery Number of close friends 2 persons or less 3-5 persons 6 persons or more 31. 1 84. 5 72. 4 82. 9 79. 6 74. 4 87. 0 48. 1 86. 5 64. 5 83. 0 80. 6 80. 7 74. 7 15. 5 27. 17. 1 20. 4 25. 6 13. 0 51. 9 13. 5 35. 5 17. 0 19. 4 19. 3 25. 3 55. 4 44. 6 10. 3 34. 5 34. 0 31. 5 213. 5 79. 7 20. 3 66. 9 25. 8 26. 0 48. 2 5. 9 32. 2 41. 4 26. 4 0. 000** 0. 006** 0. 000** 0. 000** 0. 051 * p-value < 0. 05 ** p-value < 0. 01 Table 2: Associations between bullying and study determinants Table 2 shows that school type, gender, age group, parental physical abuse, and cartoon type were potently associated with bullying. odds ratio plots of bullying categorized by tailfin assorted risk factors are shown in experiences 1. Bullying behaviour (Bullying/Not bu llying) (Public/ Private) (Male/ Female) School type Witness/ Not witness) Gender Parental physical abuse Years Favorites cartoon type Age (group) Cartoon type Figure 1: Odds ratio plots of bullying categorized by four incompatible risk factors The 2nd International Conference on Humanities and Social Sciences April 10th, 2010 Faculty of Liberal Arts, Prince of Songkla University Beliefs †Literature †Lifestyle_002 7 Figures 1 shows that the students from public schools reported bullying others significantly more often than did students from private schools (OR 1. 35, 95% CI 1. 01-1. 82). More males than females reported that they bullying others (OR 2. 07, 95% CI 1. 59-2. 69).The students who had witnessed physical abuse between their parents were more likely to be a bully than did those who had never witnessed physical abuse between their parents (OR 7. 22, 95% CI 5. 39-9. 67). The students aged 11 years or more were more likely to bully others than students aged 9-10 ye ars and 8 years or less, (OR 1. 49, 95% CI 1. 13-1. 95). The students who preferred action cartoons tended to bully more than students who preferred mystery or comedy cartoons (OR 2. 93, 95% CI 5. 39-9. 67). 6. 4 Logistic regression analysis of bullying Logistic regression was used to examine the association between bullying and risk factors.The results are shown in Table 3 and Figure 2. Table 3 shows the results of the logistic regression analysis after omitting determinants with p-values more than 0. 05 using backward elimination. In this reduced mildewing the four factors least significantly associated with the bullying are omitted. The smallest p-values indicate the factors most strongly associated with the bullying were gender, age group, parental physical abuse and cartoon type. Determinant Gender Female Male Age group 8 yrs or less 9-10 yrs 11 yrs or more Parental physical abuse Not witnessed Witnessed Cartoon type preference Comedy Action MysteryOR 0 1. 87 0 1. 29 1. 89 0 7. 11 0 2. 96 1. 33 (95% CI) p-value 0. 000 (1. 40,2. 50) 0. 000 0. 001 0. 160 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0. 147 (0. 90,1. 85) (1. 33,2. 69) (5. 26,9. 60) (1. 99,4. 43) (0. 90,1. 96) Table 3: Reduced model of association between bullying and risk factors Figure 2 shows the odds ratio plot of the results from able the final exam logistic regression model. It was found that witnessing parental physical abuse was clearly the most strongly associated determinant for bullying others.Students having witnessed parental physical abuse were more likely 7. 11 times to bully others than were those who had never witnessed parental physical The 2nd International Conference on Humanities and Social Sciences April 10th, 2010 Faculty of Liberal Arts, Prince of Songkla University Beliefs †Literature †Lifestyle_002 8 abuse (95% CI 5. 26-9. 60). Preference for action cartoons was also a major risk factor for bullying others; students who preferred action cartoons tended to bully mor e than did students who preferred comedy cartoons (OR 2. 6, 95% CI 1. 99-4. 43). Among the age groups studied, older students (11+ years) were more likely to be a bully than did younger students (8 years or less); 1. 89 times (95% CI 1. 33-2. 69). Males were 1. 87 times (95% CI 1. 40-2. 50) more likely to incur reported having bullied others than were females. Bullying others mystery Cartoon type action comedy Parental physical abuse yes no 11+ Age group 9-10 -8 boy Gender girl 1/8 1/4 1 2 4 8 Odds Ratio Figure 2: assay factors of bullying in logistic regression; final model 7.Discussion In this study, factor analysis and standardized score techniques were used to identify bullying outcome; a student with a standardized score more than 1 was identified as a bully. Using an exploratory factor analysis for carve up type of bullying is in accordance with a study by Parada et al (2005) in which six factors were found of 36 items. Beran (2005) found four factors of 21 items. Carlyle a nd Steinman (2007) found two factors. Using a standardized score for identifying bullying in which a student with a standardized score more than 1 was identified as a bully (Scholte et al, 2007; Gini, 2008).In this study, the identifying techniques light-emitting diode to findings that witnessing parental physical abuse and cartoon type were major risk factors for bullying. Witnessing parental physical abuse was clearly the most strongly associated determinant relate to bullying than those who had never witnessed parental physical abuse (7. 11 times more likely). Exposure to parental family violence has been found to be related to negative behaviours of students; the students who had witnessed parental physical abuse were more likely to bully others, when compared to those who had not itnessed parental physical abuse. This is in accordance with the studies of Herrera et al (2001) and Baldry (2003) who all reported that parental modeling of aggression The 2nd International Conferenc e on Humanities and Social Sciences April 10th, 2010 Faculty of Liberal Arts, Prince of Songkla University Beliefs †Literature †Lifestyle_002 9 and violence promotes the development of a child’s negative behaviour; the child might double the parent’s physical actions and might then become a bully to gain victor in their own favorable moveions.Preference for action cartoons was also highly associated with bullying (2. 96 times more likely). This finding shows that the children who watch action cartoons or cartoon with superhero images were more likely to present aggressive or bullying behaviour. This was invariable with the studies of Kirsch (2006) and Blumberg et al (2008), who argued that cartoon violence may also twine young viewers to transfer violent acts from programs to realworld situations and has a significant additional effect in predicting bullying others.Students often copy the physical actions of parents or of action cartoon characters and so through their life experiences learn to be aggressive. By personally observing others playacting aggressively to achieve some goal the children might learn to act aggressively. With this modeling, the child might then become a bully to gain success in his or her own social interactions. This score is in line with finding by Larson (2003) and Williams (2007) who found that children use the same aggressive tactics that they abide by; they learn to act aggressively when they model the behaviour of violent acts.The children are more likely to copy someone they are looking at, and children fork up a greater tendency to imitate the modeling of those with whom they have the most contact (Cooke, 1993; Kirsch, 2006). 8. Recommendations 8. 1 Implications of the study This study showed that bullying is a serious problem in Pattani primary schools. Witnessing parental physical abuse and preferring action cartoons were the highest risk factors associated with bullying. Parents are the mos t important persons in providing leadership and direction for the successful prevention and hinderance of bullying.They should supply close attention and talk on a regular basis with their children about their feelings and births with friends at school. They should work in confederacy with the school to encourage positive behaviour. Moreover, they must have patience, try to avoid using violence, and closely rede and control the cartoon program viewing of their children. Findings from this study should help in the development of prevention and interpellation policies in the primary schools and assist educational authorities to introduce better strategies for reducing the problem.School administrators and teachers are the bordering most important persons for preventing the prevalence of bullying in schools. The school surroundings should be safe, orderly, and bullyfree. Teachers have to provide positive and mature subprogram-modeling in techniques to students and teach them h ow to interact with one another. They should develop a program that teaches The 2nd International Conference on Humanities and Social Sciences April 10th, 2010 Faculty of Liberal Arts, Prince of Songkla University Beliefs †Literature †Lifestyle_002 0 students about the dangers of bullying, develop school personnel in formulation bully-free practices and teach students about all forms of bullying: verbal, emotional, psychological, and physical, as well as teach students about disadvantages of cartoon violence viewing and physical abuse between parents. 8. 2 Recommendations for future studies Results of our study reveal the extent of bullying in primary schools within Pattani responsibility to be a serious problem.Future research could boil down on comparing prevalence rates among different types of schools or in one specific type of school across districts within Pattani province or nearby provinces, such as Yala, Naratiwat, and Songkhla provinces. Results may give the necessary information to teachers and administrators responsible for improving animate awareness programs, as well as go along to educate our children in the safest and best study environment possible.In order for bullying to be prevented or decreased in our schools, school personnel need to extract to the ideal that bullying is unacceptable, is serious, and should not be tolerated. Bullying is not a rite of passage that students must work out for themselves. When one incident of bullying occurs it is serious. Silence from students does not imply acceptance. Teachers need training that volition help them to identify students who suffer in silence. The training needs to include strategies for victims as well as bullies. School personnel need to step in appropriately in order to gain the confidence of the students.To gain that confidence, teachers need to be aware that victims of bullying who remain silent will rarely take the initiative to tell teachers they are being bullied and would earn from having someone pro-active and notice their circumstance and offer them help. There is also a large, silent majority of bystanders in our schools. These students are usually well-developed socially but they do not know how to reclaim the power from the bullies. virtually of these students may be afraid to confront the come out and thus ignore or avoid bullying situations.If we can tap into this silent majority and teach these students the skills they need, we can take in a positive school climate with this silent majority holding the power and helping to make the school safe and secure for all. Further research should examine specific teacher referrals after bullying incidents and whether there is a reconciled method of reporting these incidents throughout the grade levels and among all teachers. The administration of disciplinary actions, when dealing with the types of bullying incidents should consistent throughout the school.An increase in student learning is an overall goal of this study. If students feel safe at school, if they are not worried about the glory in which they learn, then greater student achievements will be likely to The 2nd International Conference on Humanities and Social Sciences April 10th, 2010 Faculty of Liberal Arts, Prince of Songkla University Beliefs †Literature †Lifestyle_002 11 exist. In order to create and maintain a safe and orderly school environment, all stakeholders must take an active role in combating the bullying problem in Pattani primary schools today. . References Baldry, A. C. 2003. 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