1984 and Today’s Society Essay -- English Literature

1984 and Todays SocietyThough 1984 was written well before the year 1984 and it is now 2005,there are many similarities amid the book and todays society.Relationships of all kind have less value, the government watchesones e actually move (or at least has the capacity to), and large groupsof people are influenced to believe opinions at school due to thegovernment. The government has regulations and records on everythingand everybody. George Orwell may not have been very far frompredicting the right when writing 1984 in 1948.In the United States today, anywhere from something as harmless astelevision shows to the government itself promotes less sanctity of aloving family some(prenominal) like 1984. In the book, children went to school andwere trained to be spies and turn adults into the thought police.Parsons (Winstons comrade and neighbor) was turned in by his ownchildren. He had perpetrate a thought crime. This shows what littlerespect the children in the book had for their pare nts, and thebaffling effect was the parents getting use to and accepting it.Parsons had told Winston that hes very kind of proud of hischild. Big Brother discouraged emotions and anything with meaning infamilies. Children are raised today with households based on financialsupport, affairs, and anything but original love. Children are taught thatdivorce is okay, and the value of marriages has greatly decreased.Till expiry do us part may now really mean Till death do us part orif you cant work out any problems and do things my way. In 1984,Winston separated with his wife Katherine. By law he could not getmarried again unless Katherine died but this was strictly todiscourage love and sexual relationshi... ...the schoolscontradict information the children is given from the parents. The guess of evolution for example, has been taught as a theory and notcreation. Parents may not spend much time teaching their childrenabout creation and the child has except the schools information to turnto. Sex education being another excellent example, students in highschool are taught to have arctic sex instead of no sex at all. Thismay also contradict parents and their teachings.With relationships downplayed, the government having access to onesprivate life and their children, George Orwell was very correct aboutthe future of society and humans alike. Though the book was ratherintense when it came to the outcomes, Orwell described a world of thegovernment brainwashing the people. ofttimes of society does not realizewhat is going on or think it is a negative effect.

Papaya :: Health, Food Safety

Our results of PRSV CP digestibility in gastro-intestinal fluids as well as bioinformatic analysis adopt shown that the transgene CP protein expressed in Rainbow and SunUp papaya is not allergenic. The PRSV CP is the major protein expressed in Rainbow papaya along with widely used nptII and GUS plant transformation markers. here(predicate) we will discuss about CP protein only as food safety of NPTII and GUS have been addressed elsewhere (24-26). The prediction of allergenicity of novel proteins are based on either bioinformatic and/or experimental approaches (6, 7). Following the bioinformatics analysis, PRSV CP did not show significant similarity to known allergenic proteins based on the criterion of an eight aminic point identical match (27). However, we performed more stringent similarity search criterion of a six amino acid identity match to the enquiry CP sequences which identified only five entries in the SDAP informationbase. Although we identified very small number of matches to known allergens based on a six amino acid similarity search, numerous reports indicate that the high percentage of allergenic proteins identified using this criterion are false positives (31, 32) and thus in practice does not accurately predict allergenic proteins.A computer based allergenicity prediction report by Kleter and Peijnenburg (28) identified a peptide of six amino acids (EKQKEK) shared by PRSV CP and a proposed allergen ABA-1, a protein of the human parasite Ascaris lumbricoides or the pig parasite Ascaris suum. However, as noted previously by Suzuki et al.(29), the PRSV CP match to ABA-1 is not relevant with regards to allergenicity for several reasons 1) the amino acid sequence is not repeated in the coat protein sequence, therefore it will not trigger the IgE reaction associated with allergens, 2) the ABA-1 proposed allergenic peptide was found to be not inherently allergenic outside the context of other Ascaris proteins (30), and 3) it is not among the officially recognized allergens found in the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS) allergen database (http//www.allergen.org). An important aspect of assessing potential allergenicity is experimental testing for properties common to allergenic proteins such as stability in copy gastro-intestinal fluids which include SGF and SIF. SGF was developed to represent the conditions in the human stomach (20) and basically consists of the main gastric protease pepsin in low pH medium. Some data suggests that proteins that are susceptible to gastrointestinal digestion are inherently safer than those that are stable especially in terms of allergenicity (5).

Superman - All American Essay -- essays research papers

Superman, All-American HeroGary Engle describes Superman as the ultimate American, Superman is the greatest American poor boy (Engle, 677). After reading three comic books I notice an occurring theme of wanting to protect what is good, even though the comic books chosen span over eleven years. Several distinct things to Supermans personality are his cape, the respect he has for others, the respect others have for him, his intelligence, his protection of all life and what is right, his origin, and the sacrifices he makes. Superman is considered to be the greatest American hero of all time.The Superman epic has gone on for years and years yet the story line has always remained the sameThe core of American invention is Superman consists of a few basic facts that remain unchanged throughout the infinitely varied ways in which the myth is told facts with which everyone is familiar, however marginal their noesis of the story. Superman is an orphan rocketed to Earth when his native pla net Krypton explodes he lands near Smallville and is adopted by Jonathan and Martha Kent, who inculcate in him their American middle-class value-system as an adult he migrates to Metropolis there he defends America no, the world no, the universe from all evil and harm while playing a romantic game in which, as Clark Kent, he hopelessly pursues Superman, who remains aloof until such time as Lois proves worthy of him by falling in live with his feigned identity as a weakling. Thats it. (Engle, 678).This is the same in any tale of Superman, the same occurring theme. This adds character to Superman, and explains why he is so all-American. Firstly, Superman is an alien, to the United States and to the world. But is he really that different from you and me? We are all descended from people who were immigrants to America. Engle writes All Americans have immediate sense of their origins elsewhere (Engle, 678). So doesnt it make sense that everyone that fights or works for our natural fre edoms are aliens, the soldiers, the doctors, the teachers, and Superman himself? standardized the peoples of the nation whose values he defends, Superman is an alien (Engle, 678). Like all aliens the reason for coming to this country is to make something better of ones self. Where one may run any kind of business they please and not beat about someone else intervening because they simply can. Superman ... ..., to stand up and fight for what he/she believes in.Superman finally kills the creature but in the act upon end up dying himself. This is the sacrifice Superman makes for his people he loses his life and his true love Lois. But it was all worth it in his look because he was protector of his nation. Superman had many things going for him, his invincibility against the humans, his strength, and most of all his love for Lois Lane. Superman could have easily fled and would have never been seen or herd from again. But to him America was worth his sacrifice of everything he has, including his life. Any true American is expected to sacrifice his life for his country.Superman is an astonishing being. His self-sacrifice presents an ideal of what any soldier should do for his country. His politeness is an ideal for how every person should behave. His ability not to overreact is an example of what to be like in a dangerous situation. Superman is a glorified all-American and would do anything for the people. He goes beyond the call of duty to make life easier on at to the lowest degree one other person. Without a doubt everyone should know why Superman is considered the greatest American hero of all time.

Mr. Collins’ and Mr. Darcy’s first proposals to Elizabeth. How do they :: Free Essay Writer

Mr. collins and Mr. Darcys commencement ceremony proposals to Elizabeth. How do they style and the content of the proposals reflect on how these three characters are represent in the rest of the novel. In what ways are attitudes to marriage unlike from today? Pride and Prejudice===================Compare and contrast of Mr. Collins and Mr. Darcys first proposalsto Elizabeth. How do they style and the content of the proposalsreflect on how these three characters are portrayed in the rest of thenovel. In what ways are attitudes to marriage different from today?Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice reveals the importance of socialstatus and how marriages affected women at that time. The book openswith the words, It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a geniusman in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. Thisimplies that the chief interest in the book leave be marriage. Themain character is Elizabeth Bennet who, unlike Charlotte Lucas, doesnot want to marry on ly for a comfortable and to avoid the stigma ofnot organism married, but also for love. There is a big contrast betweenMr Collins and Darcys proposal and give us insight into these threecharacter.Mr. Collins is a figure of comedy in this novel. He is described asnot a sensible man, and the deficiency of nature had been but little help by education or society. He speaks in a very formal wayindeed. He is a picture of pride and obsequiousness, swelled headand humility At Longbourn having been told that Jane was likely tomarry Mr. Bingley, Mr. Collins decides to propose to Elizabeth Bennet,having no feelings of diffidence with all his solemn composurebecause he supposes this is only a mend part of business.First, he asks for a private communion with Elizabeth. BeforeElizabeth has met Mr. Collins, she was chiefly struck with hisextraordinary deference for Lady Catherine de Bourgh, but after shesees him, her detest towards Collins is even stronger. At theNetherfield ball, Mr. Collins r equests the first two dances withElizabeth that let her feel herself completely taken in. In themeantime, she also realizes that her mother is readiness a marriage forher, but she has never expected this proposal. Therefore, thisproposal gives Elizabeth a blush of surprise. She immediately triesto avoid for not having a private conversation with Mr. Collins andsays I am going away myself which shows she wants to escape from theembarrassment. However, her mother insists upon Elizabeth staying andhearing Mr. Collins.

Roy Jones Jr. :: essays research papers

Roy Jones Jr. was born on January 16, 1969 in Pensacola Florida. Unlikeother disgraceful boxers Roy developed his boxing skills on a hog farm in a hamletcalled Barth, outside Pensacola, when many others developed there&8217s in thecity ghettoes. He was the oldest of five. He had three sisters and onr brother.Roy&8217s father Roy elder said that he is the one who sparked Roy Jr.interest in boxing, by play sparring with him when he was only five. Roy Sr.said, &8220I&8217d let him pounch me in the head. When I pounched him, he&8217d getmad and mellow off and cry. Then he&8217d come back and want to do more. Whenwe&8217d finish I let him get the best of me. Roy Sr. was also a formermiddleweight competitor. Roy&8217s dad made Roy Jr. to fight a 14 yr. old whenRoy himself was only 10. The boy out weighed him by 16 lbs. The training facilities weren&8217t to Roy Sr.&8217s standard so he constructedhis own ring in a pasture and fmade a punching wallet with scrap materials. Local kids wat ched as Roy&8217s father taught him the fundamentals of boxing. Soon they got interested and a boxing club was formed. Roy Sr. used hisown bullion to buy boxing equipment and at one point sold the family&8217stractor to finance the boxing club. This wasn&8217t enough though because hehad to ask others that he knew for money to take the kids to boxingtournaments in neighboring states. The only form of transportation was anold rickety van, which doors were held with metal wire.By the time Roy was 19 he had a amatuer record of 106-4 and becamethe yungest member of the 1988 U.S. Olympic boxing team. In public theteam teased Roy but when in the private they asked him for advice. Theysaw how he dominate his opponents with cobonations from many differentangles. Everyone thought that he would deffinetly win gold in the 156 lbsweight class. Like everyone thought he reached the final round. Hisopponent was the South Korean Park Si Hun. When the fight was overPark&8217s face was beaten while Roy&8217s face seemed untouched. The crowd andthe Journalist at ringside all thought that Roy had unanamously won the fight,because Roy also had two standing eight counts along with everything else.

Roy Jones Jr. :: essays research papers

Roy Jones Jr. was born on January 16, 1969 in Pensacola Florida. Unlike new(prenominal) black boxers Roy developed his boxing skills on a hog farm in a hamletcalled Barth, surfaceside Pensacola, when many others developed there&8217s in thecity ghettoes. He was the oldest of five. He had three sisters and onr brother.Roy&8217s father Roy Sr. said that he is the one who sparked Roy Jr.interest in boxing, by play sparring with him when he was only five. Roy Sr.said, &8220I&8217d let him pounch me in the head. When I pounched him, he&8217d get huffy and run off and cry. Then he&8217d come back and want to do more. Whenwe&8217d finish I let him get the top hat of me. Roy Sr. was also a formermiddleweight competitor. Roy&8217s dad made Roy Jr. to fight a 14 yr. old whenRoy himself was only 10. The boy out weighed him by 16 lbs. The training facilities weren&8217t to Roy Sr.&8217s standard so he constructedhis make ring in a pasture and fmade a punching bag with scrap materials. Local kids watched as Roy&8217s father taught him the fundamentals of boxing. Soon they got interested and a boxing club was formed. Roy Sr. used hisown money to buy boxing equipment and at one point sold the family&8217stractor to finance the boxing club. This wasn&8217t enough though because hehad to get hold of others that he knew for money to take the kids to boxingtournaments in neighboring states. The only form of transportation was anold rickety van, which doors were held with metal wire.By the time Roy was 19 he had a amatuer record of 106-4 and becamethe yungest member of the 1988 U.S. Olympic boxing team. In public theteam teased Roy but when in the private they asked him for advice. Theysaw how he dominated his opponents with cobonations from many differentangles. Everyone thought that he would deffinetly win gold in the 156 lbsweight class. Like everyone thought he reached the final round. Hisopponent was the southward Korean Park Si Hun. When the fight was overPark&8217s fa ce was beaten while Roy&8217s face seemed untouched. The crowd andthe Journalist at ringside all thought that Roy had unanamously won the fight,because Roy also had two standing eight counts along with everything else.

A STUDY ON THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

The model presented in Fig. 1 be small, provides the anchor by which constructs of this heap flow. The mark respondents atomic number 18 the chemical science instructors of Sarangani Division. The regard will measure their domain initiation gun indicate and encyclopaedism capacity in position of the following(prenominal) parametric quantities perception of the different chemical science contented in a diagnostic running game in relation to their self-assessment in the NCBTS-TSNA Toolkit under ambit 4 course of study and their over-all instruction competency as described in all other(a) spheres of the NCBTS-TSNA Toolkit.An intercession plan by manner of instructors readiness shall be prep argond by the research worker based on the identified least erudite competences and least scored points in the NCBTS-TSNA Toolkit, capable to the acceptableness of the respondents. The proposed supply plan will enable chemical science instructors to eliminate or at least minimis e some misconceptions in chemical science and advance bankrupt touch of some hard constructs in chemical science. Likewise, the proposed preparation plan shall incorpo score different instruction accomplishments and schemes to turn to the demands of different types of scholars.B. Review of relate LiteratureRelated articles and findings from other surveies are included herein to give the research worker penetrations therefore, supplying a stronger footing by which to prosecute this probe.B.1 Repertoire of Know takege and Skills for impressive educationKhine, Lourdsamy, Lang and Wong ( 2005 ) province that heightening cognition of ego as a instructor provoke be achieved through figure of attacks as presented belowKnowledge of selfKnowledge is increasing quickly. How adequately a instructor heads improvement is a step of finding quality. A instructor m previous(a)iness put in behaviorlong attainment through preparations, accomplishments tuition and personal upgrading. M r. Goh Chok Tong ( 1998 ) , former Prime Minister of Singapore said We mustinessiness do larning a national civilization We must put up comprehensive mechanisms to continually retrain our work force and promote every person to prosecute in encyclopedism as a affair of necessity instructors and principals will invariably look fall out for new thoughts and patterns, and continually review their ain cognition. T for each oneing will itself be a learning profession like any other knowledge-based profession of the hereafter .Self-evaluation and re-evaluation with respects to a instructor s over-all growing and dignity is an of import tool in cognizing oneself. Believing in one s value, endowments and dignity will gain self-pride, which in bend enables a instructor to associate with others. A instructor must also sporadically assess his/her ain attitude which can impact his/her perceptual experiences in associating with others. Peers and pupils appraisal can likewise supply some o bjectiveness to complement one s appraisal of ego.The mentor-mentee strategy can assist to heighten ego. A wise man provides the line of intent to new instructors tossed in disruptive H2O of an unsure environment. Mentors provide non judgemental feedback and the modelling consequence .Knowledge of proceduresA instructor must be a brooding practician. In reflecting, the instructor expression inwards to measure ain learning behavior, discover new thoughts and see how certain patterns can interpret into ain instruction to better public presentation. Knowledge on demarcation resolution is besides of import as the school environment invariably presents jobs to be solved. Knowing the job work piece of cake procedure will bring forth alternate solutions. Research on the other manus, provides sound principle to a scope of options of the best instruction patterns. The cognition of hunt procedures will link the instructor to the to the highest degree current stuffs to the best usage o f the scholars.Knowledge of ContentContent is indispensable and a dynamic cognition. For a instructor to learn the topic good he or she needs to hold an affright of an ext finish and updated cognition, be able to ground the cognition with sublunary application and be prepared to reply all sorts of inquiries relevant to what he or she teaches.Delivery of the coveted content and accomplishments in scientific orbit to the scholars greatly depend on how much a peculiar scientific check into instructor have in shop for them, e.g. educational background, major country of specialisation, link preparations and learning experience. Though, the bent of coveted larning competences provide instructors with way, it is wide in range and can be interpreted in different ways depending on the instructor s background and experience. A instructor must hold the right cognition of the different contents and accomplishments in the BEC competence before he/she can precisely interpret it to the schol ars. The broad range of scientific discipline demands that instructors must possess the specific cognition and accomplishments of a peculiar subdivision of scientific discipline and non from related background and experience. Physicss, chemical science and Biology instructors should non merely be one page in front of their pupils nevertheless, they should be experts, because that is what the scholars expect them to be.Knowledge of Teaching instructionTeaching for better acquisition is about how to learn efficaciously. The procedure is associated with footings like, instructional schemes, learning cognition, learning schemes, learning methods, learning rules or learning theoretical accounts.Teaching for thought is a determination doing procedure of doing significances. The thought procedure is associated with the undermentioned footings analytical thought, analogical thought, brooding thought, critical thought, originative thought, inductive thought and sideway thought. Though, t here are different footings for accept tho there is a common yarn through them it is a procedure with common chord components- operations, cognition, and temperaments.Knowledge of Students and Their acquisition MannersAn facet of psycheism crucial to pedagogical determinations is learning manners or penchants. It sets accent on how pupils learn and non on what they learn. Prior to instruction, the instructor must happen out how pupils learn through interviews, insouciant interactions, pupils personal profile and learning manner diagnosing.Lack of Qualified Chemistry Teachers erudition and Technology III ( Chemistry ) , in the visible radiation of 2002 Basic raising Curriculum aims to assist the Philippine scholars addition a functional apprehension of scientific constructs and rules linked with existent life state of affairss and get scientific accomplishments, attitudes, and values necessary to analyse and work out day-to-day jobs.The aims of the scientific discipline pl an focal point on conceptual apprehension, acquisition of scientific discipline procedures or believing accomplishments, peculiarly critical and originative thought accomplishments and development of scientific values and attitudes. Therefore, scientific discipline instructors must every bit posses the same conceptual apprehension and competency because it is through them that the ends and aims of the section instruction are beingness carried out. They are the ultimate agencies to get by the visions of instruction. Nevertheless, based on the latest cartoon ( DOST-SEI, 2005 ) and ( DEPED, 2006 ) the Numberss of instructors learning scientific discipline and mathematics with no background have exceeded the figure of those with background by 14,153 ( Ogena, Ester, 2006 ) . This survey shows excessively many unqualified scientific discipline instructors in the section of instruction.Therefore, consequences of the topic Diagnostic Test administered to high school pupils in 2002 and 2 003 are no surprising. It shows that merely 10 % of pupils in scientific discipline passed the competence degree. Likewise the consequences of the Trends in Mathematics and Science Study ( TIMSS, 2003 ) show that the national Mathematics and Science average tonss in 1999 and 2003 were really much lower than the international mean mark ( bottom 25 % of pupils ) and, one of the recommended solutions given by TIMSS was instructor preparation.Harmonizing to Ibe and Ogena ( 1998 ) , teacher instruction does non pull the best or the extremely intellectually capable high school alumnuss. It is the least expensive plan that is accessible to the center and low income households that desires higher instruction for their kids. This generalisation resulted from a survey conducted by Ibe ( 1979 ) , that more pupils from the lower 30 percentiles expressed penchant for teacher instruction. This is because, instruction plan curiously for non scientific discipline big leagues are least expensive and requires less testing groundoratory fees. However, when they will fall in the instruction profession, these instructors will be obligate to learn scientific discipline when there is no available scientific discipline instructor to learn the topic.Proficiency in the English linguistic communication is another larning barrier on the portion of pupils every bit good as instructors. Science text editions are written in English, category instructions are made in English, yet instructors possibly fluid English talkers but doing usage of the native speech pattern. In 1925, one important accident made by the Philippine development System was that, Filipino kids were two and a half old ages behind than American kids in reading accomplishments. This expand is merely apprehensible because, to the Americans English is their native linguistic communication while for the Filipinos, it is their 2nd linguistic communication ( Gonzales, 2004 ) . English linguistic communication is taught by Filipino instructors who every bit good are non self-generated English talkers. Using right American speech pattern affairs because the significance of the word differs with how it is being pronounced.Smithers and Robinsons ( 2005 ) said that rich states like USA and Canada are besides sing great trouble in pulling their ain race to acquire into chemical science and native philosophies learning. They besides experience serious deficit of competent chemical science and natural philosophies instructors and because of this they recruit instructors from the Philippines offering attractive wages and other benefits and who can decline this really luring offer? Hence, best instructors in chemical science and natural philosophies are traveling out of the state in undertake for greener grazing land.What is the deduction of all these studies to the educational system of the state? This leaves no pick for the section of instruction than to let misfits to learn chemical science and natur al philosophies particularly in far flung countries.The BEC Learning CompetencesThe prescribed acquisition competences present the set of coveted learning ends peculiarly in chemical science by which instructors shall stay and construction their lessons consequently. Chemistry is a wide topic and encompasses different countries of specialisations. Below are two sets of competences in Chemistry- BEC and the CEM competences by which their diagnostic scrutiny shall be based. Both competences designed for high school chemical science are classified as General Chemistry. Therefore, they include basic subjects appropriate for the degree of apprehension of high school pupils that will fix them for third instruction.BEC Learning CompetencyThe 2002 Basic Education Curriculum ( BEC ) of the Department of Education lays down the undermentioned coveted larning ends founding to chemistry scholars are anticipate to appreciate the importance of chemical science, appreciate the accomplishments of Filipino and foreign chemists, appreciate and understand the usage of different research lab setup and demonstrate apprehension on the mathematical constructs of chemical science.Classifying count the scholars are expected to show accomplishments in placing chemical systems demonstrate understanding on the elements and compounds present in day-to-day life and show cognition of simple techniques in preparing, dividing and sublimating affair.Solutions pupils shall be able to understand the solution procedure and its relation to zip alterations and molecular interaction, place types of solutions, relate colligative belongingss of solutions, be able to work out jobs in relation to concentration of solutions and associate solutions to the natural environment.Colloids- Students are expected to show apprehension on the belongingss and utilizations of colloids and its importance in day-to-day life.Gases- Learners shall show apprehension on the belongingss and behavior of gases in relat ion to different gas Torahs and equations, show job work outing accomplishments utilizing mathematical equations and associate gas Torahs and rules involved in some engineerings.Inside the Atom this chapter speaks about the parts of early scientists in the development of the atomic theory, demonstrate understanding on the construction of the atom and appreciate how these subatomic atoms and radiation are use in engineering peculiarly in medical specialty.Order Among Elementss the scholars are expected to show apprehension of the belongingss of elements in relation to their places or locations in the periodic tabular cast, and appreciate the importance of cognizing the elements and how they are used in engineering.Neckties That chemical substancely Bind pupils shall be able to understand how atoms combine, place the types of chemical bond and associate the belongingss and utilizations of compounds with the type of chemical bond.Changes In Matter appreciate the practical of phase /chemical alterations, demonstrate apprehension of the Torahs regulating alterations, and show the ability to utilize symbols, expressions and chemical equations in explicating chemical reactions.Change, Energy and clock demonstrate apprehension of how chemical reactions occur and appreciate the importance of argumenting rates of reactions in engineering.The CEM Learning CompetencesA A The competences designed by the Center for educational Measurement contains precisely the same in footings of content with the BEC version but in different agreement. For chemical science, the undermentioned competences are enumerated belowIntroduction to Chemistry Demonstrates knowledge and apprehension of constructs discusses scientific method determines figure of important figures makes temperature transitions enumerates safety safeguards in the lab distinguishes substances/mixtures, homogeneous/heterogeneous systems, physical/chemical alterations, exothermic/ endothermal reactions, and heat /temperature.Symbols, Formulas, and Equations Demonstrates cognition, apprehension, and application of constructs writes chemical symbols balances chemical equations translates verbal statements to chemical equations uses mole construct to execute mole-mole, mass-mass computations solves jobs affecting molar mass/ per centum composing by tilt/number of moles given the expression of a substance.Phases of Matter Demonstrates cognition, apprehension, and application of constructs describes/compares the belongingss of the provinces of affair states the Kinetic Molecular Theory, composing of the ambiance, and the map of a calorimeter solves jobs affecting the gas Torahs describes the affinity between temperature and vapor force per unit area.The Atom Demonstrates cognition, apprehension, and application of constructs observes electrical nature of affair infers the footing of agreement of elements in the periodic tabular array predicts the group figure of elements utilizing fig ure of valency negatrons determines electronic constellations interprets from a tabular array the relationship between atomic mass and comparative copiousness of isotopes.Chemical Bonding Demonstrates cognition, apprehension, and application of constructs provinces and explains formation of covalent, ionic, and admixturelic bonds determines oxidation figure of elements in a compound relates molecular form, mutual opposition, intermolecular forces of attractive force, and boiling points of molecules to each other.Types of Chemical Chemical reactions Demonstrates cognition and apprehension of constructs names/identifies four general types of chemical reactions identifies reactants and merchandises of a reaction uses the activity series of elements to find whether a individual supplanting reaction will continue as written.The Chemistry of Solutions Demonstrates cognition and apprehension of the constructs describes the nature/types of solutions identifies solute and solvent i dentifies saturated, unsaturated, and supersaturated solutions calculates solution concentrations defines/explains solubility and the factors impacting it states colligative belongingss of solutions.Chemical kinetics and Chemical Equilibrium Demonstrates cognition and apprehension of the constructs defines dynamicss and rates of chemical reactions, identifies and explains factors impacting rates of reactions differentiates organic and inorganic accelerators explains how a chemical reaction occurs defines and explains chemical equilibrium and what a reversible reaction is.Ions and Equilibrium Acids and Bases Demonstrates cognition and apprehension of constructs defines and gives illustrations of acids and bases explains how pH is related to the sourness of a solution explains buffers and buffer solutions and describes maps and restrictions of acid-base indexs.Electrochemistry Demonstrates cognition, apprehension, and application of constructs explains oxidization and decreas e reactions in footings of addition or loss of negatrons describes ways of preventing/controlling redox reactions describes and explains electrolytic reactions and applies Faraday s Law of Electrolysis to find provinces of metal/metal ions produced.Carbon and Compounds Demonstrates knowledge and apprehension of basic constructs identifies categories of organic compounds with their illustrations describes biological procedures for the organic structure to utilize energy from saccharides, fats, and proteins. ( http //www.cem-inc.org.ph ) .Comparing between two sets of competences BEC and CEM, both contains precisely the same subjects as of the get-go seven-spot competences but the latter become more advanced in the following four subjects. Nevertheless, a specialist chemical science instructor is expected to be more knowing than his or her scholars. These advanced chemical science content countries will supply background information for the instructor as he or she must understan d the constructs good so that he or she can efficaciously leave these constructs to the scholars.B.2 National Competency-Based Teacher s Standard ( NCBTS )The National Competency-Based Teacher Standard ( NCBTS ) is an incorporate theoretical model that defines the different dimensions of effectual instruction in all facets of a instructor s professional life and in all stages of instructor development. This is an outgrowth of the Basic Reform Agenda ( BESRA ) of the Department of Education, under Key Reform Thrust 2- Training and Development. BESRA, is a unsnarl enterprise of the section to supply basic competences to everyone to accomplish functional literacy for all Filipinos, in support to EFA which means, Education For All a planetary motion led by UNESCO to achieve functional literacy by 2015.The NCBTS -TSNA Toolkit is a revised version of the NCBTS which will enable instructors to find their strengths and failings in relation to the set of criterions that defines the gener al competency of a instructor. This toolkit is imperturbable of 270 cognition, accomplishments, and attitudes ( KSA ) points, under 80 indexs, 3 strands and seven NCBTS spheres. Therefore, the instructor will sporadically measure his learning public presentation thru this toolkit in say to continuously better and inflame his/her learning competency towards criterion. Least scored points in the toolkit shall besides function as footing of the Department of Education to include these points in their INSET. Thus, the undermentioned spheres wholly describe an effectual and efficient instructor in the section of instruction, as followsSphere 1 Social Regard for LearningThis is composed of two bases and five indexs of cognition, accomplishments and attitudes depicting the instructor as function theoretical account to the scholars. Thus the instructor demonstrates the undermentioned indexs attachment to school policies and ordinances, promptness, appropriate ocular aspect and behavior .Sphere 2 Learning EnvironmentThis is consist of 5 strands and 17 indexs that describes the ability of the instructor to make a favourable physical and social environment where pupils are respected, irrespective of gender, faith, socio-economic background, ethnicity, and where pupils are safe and acquisition is contributing given the physical environment. It besides describes the ability of the instructor to make a societal clime where pupils actively engage in larning activities without bias and fright.Sphere 3 Diverseness of LearnersThis sphere is described by the instructor s ability to determines, understands,and accepts the scholars diverse background and experiences. This entails his or capableness to choose larning activities suited to the different types of scholars.Sphere 4 Course of studySphere 4 is focused on command of content and learning teaching method. Therefore, the instructor is expected to present accurate and updated content cognition to the scholars with ap propriate methodological analysiss, attacks and schemes suited to the different types and intelligences of scholars. The instructor is besides viewed to posses linguistic communication literacy accomplishments, pass oning clearly to the apprehensible degree of scholars. Similarly, this besides refers to the instructor s ability to make and utilize teaching stuffs peculiarly in the usage of information and communicating engineering in learning and acquisition.Sphere 5 Planning, Assessing and ReportingThis sphere measures the capacity of the instructor to develop and implement instructional programs, the usage of a assortment of appropriate appraisal schemes to better the teaching-learning procedure.Domain 6 -Community LinkagesThe instructor is able to do lessons and teaching-learning activities relevant to the experiences, values, and aspirations of the community. The instructor demonstrates involvement in community projects that promote acquisition.Sphere 7 Personal Growth and Pr ofessional DevelopmentThis is the last sphere which speaks about the self-respect of the instruction profession and his or her professional growing and development. The instructor should continue the self-respect of the learning profession by puting the highest criterion of ethical and moral values and ever seeks uninterrupted betterment in his or her teaching calling ( NCBTS-TSNA Toolkit, Department of Education, TEDP, TWG ) .B.3 Teaching Competence thru NCBTS and Performance thru Diagnostic TestThe National Competency-Based Teachers Standard ( NCBTS ) is the instructor s development guide towards personal and professional growing. It is a self-assessment usher that helps instructors place their professional and developing demands every bit good as their single strengths in line with the seven spheres of the National Competency-Based Teachers Standard ( NCBTS ) and as summarized in the Teacher Strengths and Needs ( TSNA ) Toolkit. This NCBTS-TSNA Toolkit is a modified version of t he National Competency-Based Teacher s Standard initiated by throw off BEAM which is more localised, comprehendible to the degree of instructors, and most of all, quantitative. This modified toolkit is designed to assist instructors find their professional development and preparation demands. However, the informations derived from this toolkit shall non be used to rate them kind of, they will give accurate information about the instructor s competences in the undermentioned spheres and strands so that, appropriate intercessions on the portion of the instructor and the advocate shall be effected to assist instructors in their professional growing and development.However, instructors may hold the inclination to over rate themselves in some of the points because of adult mannish s unconditioned inclination to self-preservation ( Freud Sigmund, 1910 ) . The term self-preservation in its simplest term describes both the set of behaviours by which persons attempt to continue their ain being and the physical procedures that set up these behaviours. Hence, the inclination of non seeing their failings can besides be supported by the cognitive-psychological trial created by Joseph Luft and Harry Ingham in 1995 in the United States. This is cognize as the Johari Window . In this theory, it is said that there are unsighted musca volitanss in some countries of adult male s life that is non cognise to self but are known to others.To sum it all, the NCBTS-TSNA toolkit may non be an effectual tool towards instructors personal and professional development if it is left entirely to the instructor to see his or her ain strengths and failings. As most instructors tend to rate themselves maximum in footings of content and teaching method, but their existent public presentation in an administered and standardised trial will state the truth about their content competence peculiarly for chemical science instructors in the division of Sarangani Province.Therefore, this sur vey will be best achieved if consequences of the instructors diagnostic trial will be correlated with their NCBTS-TSNA tonss particularly in content and teaching method.B.4 Training ProgramIn-Service Trainings ( INSET ) are frequently given to instructors before the gap of categories to fix instructors for the coming school twelvemonth. However, most in-service preparations are done in mass, non capable specific but quite a combination of learning schemes and managerial or supervisory attacks.Therefore, a good preparation plan to reply specific jobs re- chemical science content and teaching method may cover the undermentioned countriesChemistry ContentMisconceptions in some hard constructs are the most common mistake affiliated by non specialist chemical science instructors or if non, escaped by some.Teaching methodTeaching teaching method involves the schemes or methodological analysiss of learning and how instructors deliver the goods to the scholars. Thus, some of the subjects may include the undermentioned oppugning technique, trial building, and synergistic acquisition activities.The Art of QuestioningEffective instructors are able to carry on direction that keeps pupils actively involved in the lesson. The best instructors are skilled in oppugning, in assisting pupils come to a clear apprehension of the content, and in supervising apprehension ( Cruickshank, Jenkins, Metcaff, 2006 ) .The most effectual instructors set up and keep extremely synergistic classrooms- schoolrooms characterized by student-student and teacher-student duologue instead than merely, teacher talk ( Feden, 1994 Lock and Priggue, 2002 Marzano, 2002 ) .Bellon, Bellon, and Black ( 1992 ) province that oppugning is the instructional procedure that is cardinal to verbal interaction in the schoolroom. The inquiry instructors ask service as the interface between instructor s outlooks and pupils response. This interface in synergistic instruction is critical because it shifts the foca l point from the instructor to the pupils.Effective inquiries require pupils to actively process information and compose an reply. Good inquiries addition pupils battles, raise the degree of ideas, aid pupils form their ideas, guide pupils more successfully through academic undertakings and let instructor to supervise understanding and provide feedback. In offend the obvious value of good inquiries, it appears that instructors rarely use inquiries every bit efficaciously as they could ( Alexander, Jetton, & A Kulikowich, 1994 Orstein and Lastery, 2000 ) .Most instructors oppugning spiels includes giving information that unneeded or confusing, presenting more than one inquiry at a clip, or neglecting to stipulate the nature of the expected reply ( Sigel, 1990 Traver, 1998 ) .Good and Brophy ( 2000 ) reviewed research on oppugning and concluded that pupils learn more when instructors ask frequent inquiries and include a assortment of inquiries in their lessons.Wilen and Clegy ( 1 986 ) besides reported that instructor inquiring is besides related to increase accomplishments among pupils. Further, research on oppugning suggests that instructor s usage of higher order inquiries promotes higher order believing accomplishments.Good and Effective QuestionsIf instructors want their inquiring to be effectual, they must be certain to give voice their inquiries clearly and briefly. Too frequently, instructors ask inquiries that are about impossible for pupils to reply accurately.Tayko and Sunga ( 2004 ) said that, for inquiries to be effectual, clear inquiries use natural, distinct linguistic communication appropriate to the degree of pupils. They are besides concise, including merely the words, footings and information, pupils used in order to reply the inquiry. They describe the specific points should go to to, but they do non include unneeded words or parenthetical looks. Finally, they are directed towards academic content, or the aims of the lesson.Test Construc tion Do you learn to the trial? This was the creation made by an unknown writer in the stuff, Developing Higher degree Teacher-Made Trials . The monitoring and rating group during the pilot execution of the 2002 Basic Education Curriculum ( BEC ) found out that instructors were found, so, to learn to the trial , and the pupils survey to the trial . This refers to how instructors constructed their trial inquiries. The studies showed that inquiries like simple callback and acknowledgment which are low degree inquiries are still prevailing. These are types of traditional trials that do non heighten the higher order believing accomplishments of pupils. Higher flat inquiries like analysis, synthesis and rating are hard to build because it requires clip and intelligence to build the inquiry logically. Multiple Choice, though it is among the traditional type of trials, is highly versatile- can mensurate the higher metal procedures. Nevertheless, building plausible options is a hard thing to make. BEC besides urged instructors to utilize alternate signifiers of appraisal like free response or open ended inquiries, group work, research lab and field observations and many others.The recent tendencies in appraisal do non propose the traditional appraisal technique that instructors had been utilizing through old ages should finally be changed. In fact, these types of trials are normally adopted and are appropriate in periodic and accomplishments trials. Surely, decently constructed multiple pick trials are excellent for expeditiously and objectively measuring cognition of a big content of sphere. What is needed is a balanced attack to assessment, in which appropriate techniques are administered and used in a believable manner for the instructor s determination devising. Just because the appraisal focuses on tortuous thought accomplishments or uses portfolios does non intend it is better or more believable. The appraisal technique must be matched to aim and must be conducted harmonizing to quality criterions ( McMillan 1997 ) .Hanna and Peggy ( 2004 ) province that, the major ground for blemished trial building pattern is that the sorts of trial inquiries that are easiest to write- be they objectives or essay- step rote cognition, non deep processing. It is natural to take the easy route and to zigzag out points that flow easy . However, if busy instructors do non prosecute in thoughtful preliminary planning refering balance between recall type inquiries and points that tap complex thought, a trial is likely to give more accent than wanted on memory and less on such things as apprehension, thought, and using acquisition to other state of affairss.Teacher as the Facilitator of LearningIn the teaching-learning procedure, two critical factors come into play- doctrine of instruction and psychological science of larning that a instructor must subscribe to. The three doctrines of instruction as presented by Beach and Reinhartz, are essentiali sm, progressivism and existential philosophy.The 2002 Basic Education Curriculum espouses progressivism as its doctrine and adopts the positions of the constructivist theory of larning. The major theoretical point of the constructivist theory of acquisition is that, single scholars generate their ain apprehension. Learners construct sets of outlooks or beliefs about a scope of natural phenomena in the attempt to do signified of their mundane experiences. These beliefs are based on old acquisition and past experiences. From the constructivist position, scientific discipline acquisition means a alteration in thoughts instead than taking in a new thought as a separate, stray entity. When a scholar receives information, he tries to understand it by suiting it into his bing cognitive structure.. ( Josefina L. Pabellon, NISMED, 2002 )Whole Brain Literacy Approach ( WBL )WBL or Whole Brain Literacy is an attack to larning proposed by Rizalina Tayko and Corazon Letz, which they described i t as the 3rd literacy. It stems from the findings of Dudley Lynch on how the encephalon plants. They defined WBL, which they besides called, Plus Competency , as a reader/learner s ability to use the module of whole encephalon operation in treating information. The encephalon has its parts and specialised maps. When the four quarter-circles of the encephalon connect, interrelate and interact, the encephalon is its functional best. ( Perla Rizalina M. Tayko, et.al, 2005 ) .How does WBL precisely work to heighten the competence of instructors? How would the attack better the competence of the scholars? WBL explores and expands believing larning procedure by utilizing the four quarter-circles of the encephalon in every measure of learning and larning procedure. The aims, the types and degrees of activities of the lesson, the types and degrees of rating and at the terminal of the lesson- all these must embrace the four operation parts so that scholars would be challenge to utilize th eir whole encephalon module.The envisioned holistic acquisition in the Revised Basic Education Curriculum of the Department of Education, says Tayko in her book, Learning to Read, Reading to Learn , can be facilitated utilizing the WBL scheme.

Salvador Dali Last Supper

February 4, 2009 Surrealistic Meeting Salvador Dali drew the pictureThe Sacrament of the Last Supperin 1955. This painting has quite a bit of emotion as you look and see how the apostles are kneeling. This image was created to show the futurism in the resurrection of Christ. Futurism rejects the traditional form and altogetherow art into modern technology. In this painting the most significant detail in this portrait, would be the spirt above the table in form of the cross. This course is rescuer sprit rising out of him the night before he was going to be crucified.E really unrivalled at the table see this spirt floating out of him and that is wherefore they are bowing their heads. Along with this spirt rising, the large windows in the background, Dali seemed to want all the heavens see what is going on during this meal. Salvador Dalis picture is a all in all different setting than the original painting of the last supper. Dalis is set in a placid table with silky sun that is showing happiness and the bright future of everyone at the table. With the mountains covered in snow the setting must be cold but the people in the picture look very warm with just their light robes on while praying.Dalis picture shows the man rising above the table must be the animate of Jesus going away his body the night before he was crucified. The arms reaching over the people at the table show his power, strength and desire to protect the liege ones. The Jesus at the table is in torn clothes, symbolizing a struggle during the day. He looks at peace, like he is ready for his punishment the adjoining day. Out stretched arms of his spirit means he is floating up to the heavens, so the only thing left is just his body or shell. The another(prenominal) people at the table are praying for his spirit and giving thanks for the bread and wine he left them on the table.On the left arm of Jesus is a dove sitting on his hand that symbolizes the calmness of the situation. His right ha nd, with the fingers that look like they are pointing to the spirit rising above shows the worldthat his spirit will not be stopped no matter what they do with his shell he will live on. This surrealistic setting is the sign that Dali is portraiture Jesus as a wonderful peaceful man. He is facing his ordeal with courage and dignity. He looks to be telling his people not to cockcrow and not to dislike for what is about to happen. Letting everyone know to keep faith in him and all will be well in the future.The sun glitter through the clouds indicates the day is calm and warm even though the mountains have snow in them, It seems Jesus is assuring them that he will keep them all warm with his heart. There is a boat on the shore and that must mean someone with wealth and power showed up for the supper, it might belong to the one person that is in the gold robe. The setting of this background might be a place by Dalis home ora place where he wanted to live. The big wooden beams and st one dining area proves this is a strong place and built to withstand anything.The arms of Jesus spirit are going through the beams and must mean that nothing is as strong as the spirit of Jesus. This surrealistic setting is the sign that Dali is portraying Jesus as a wonderful peaceful man. He is facing his ordeal with courage and dignity. He looks to be telling his people not to morn and not to hate for what is about to happen. Letting everyone know to keep faith in him and all will be well in the future. This painting has a very peaceful and serene theme as shown by the mountains, and the calm face of Jesus.

Gatsby And The Pink Suit Essay

Todays world is full of copycats and stereotypes of people who do not know how to really be themselves. It is obsolescent that a true individual comes along. Although many may try, it is hard to differentiate oneself from the rest of the world. Gatsby, the main character in F. Scott Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby, has a homophile(a) way of drawing himself away from the usual stereotypical wealthy man. During one chapter of the book, Gatsby was dressed in a bright tip suit. This uniqueness, such as the pink suit, reflects Gatsbys need for attention from his love, Daisy his desire to show power and wealth and his poor upbringing. Gatsby has a unique way of fertilization and presenting himself that portrays his odd placement in this wealthy and prestigious class.One reason why Gatsby dressed and acted so differently from everyone, was, in fact, to make himself stand out for his love, Daisy. Gatsby had been in love with, and look for for Daisy for almost five years. hes read a Chicago paper for years just on the chance of catching a glimpse of Daisys name (84). It is possible that he dressed so lavishly and extremely to make her neb him. He finally found Daisy, but he did not want to simply run out and marry her. Gatsby wanted to draw her to him, and he wanted her to see his wealth and substance. He even threw signally extravagant parties and . . . he half-expected her to wander into one of them, some night . . . but she neer did (84).He hoped that his extreme attire would help him to stand out of the bunch and attract Daisy. Gatsby succeeded in attracting Daisy because just the mere sight of his colorful shirts in his closet brought Daisy to tears. the soft rich heap mounted highershirts with stripes and scrolls and plaids in coral and apple green and lavender and faint orange with monograms of Indian blue . . . Suddenly . . . Daisy bent her head into the shirts and began to cry stormily . . . It makes me said because Ive never seen such-such beautiful sh irts before (98). He knew that Daisy would be attracted to a man who dressed and acted as an individual, not as a specific class.Gatsby also knew that Daisy would not just notice any man, but she would notice a man with power and money. When people dress and own things so outrageous, it is most likely to show their wealth and power. Others knowthat these people have money because they buy the most heinous clothing and unreasonable items, and when people have a great deal of money, they mechanically have a great deal of power. Those with the most outlandish clothing and possessions portray power and authority. Gatsby was aware that Daisy would surely fall for the extravagant and powerful gold-hatted lover over the regular, ho-hum guy any day. He attracted her with his huge car (cream colored and monstrous) and his rather large house. It was a colossal interest by any standard . . . with a tower on one side, spanking new under a thin beard of raw ivy, and a marble swimming pool and more than forty acres of lawn and garden. It was Gatsbys mansion (9). Gatsby showed his power by not abiding to the wealthy dress mandate and making himself appear different from everyone else.Also supporting Gatsbys reason for being so different, is the fact that Gatsby does not know the proper way to affect the prestige of being wealthy because of less than proper life as a child and boyish man. His real parents were by no means wealthy. They were ambitionless and unsuccessful farm people-his imagination had never really accepted them as his parents at all (104). Gatsby was not raised in a distinguished or notable household therefore, he never really knew how to act properly. Even after his childhood, he was not trained to be well-mannered and in his recent teens he lived quite a plain life. For example, . . . he had beaten his way along the south shore of Lake Superior as a clam spadeful and a salmon fisher or in any some other capacity that brought him food and bed (104) .When Gatsby became rich all of the sudden, he obviously had to counterchange the way he acted and dressed. He never conformed to the all-too-familiar wealthy dress code. Not only were his nonconformist ways seen in his clothing, but also in other items he owned, such as his car. Everybody had seen Gatsbys car. It was a rich cream color, bright with nickel, swollen here and there in its monstrous length . . . (68). Gatsbys outrageous car and house portray that because of the fact that he was not brought up wealthy, when he became so, he desired to have the best and biggest of everything. He never knew the right way to dress and act, and this ignorance caused many of his lavish clothing and items. Gatsby went over the top when he became wealthy, because of his plain and non-extravagant environment as a child and young adult.Gatsby was the opposite of a normal wealthy man of the 1920s. He dressed in bright colors and owned outrageous possessions. Gatsby acted this way to make his lo ve, Daisy, notice him to show his power and wealth and simply because he was never taught the basic mannerisms of being rich. Gatsby did not need or want to conform his ways of dressing and living with those of his high upper class. He was an individual and went against the flow, as plainly seen with his crazy pink suit. He attracted his love, and showed his power by not doing what was said to be normal and typical for his upper class position.

Psychology Exercise Essay

A research question was proposed to a student asking why teenagers have more worry focusing their attention early in the sunup when compared to that of younger children. After carefully considering the evidence in each choice option, the following were ranked in order the most convincing to the least convincing 1. Thirty well-designed studies promulgated in prestigious journals have discovered that melatonin a hormone involved in sleep is secreted by the body of teenagers at a different point in the sleep-wake cycle than it is for young children and adults. 2.A nutrition expert, appearing on ripe(p) Morning America, stated that she believes teenagers have more hassle focusing their attention than younger children because, as she learned in her interviews with students of all ages, the teenagers were more likely to skip over breakfast. 3. After overhearing many teenagers talking about why they struggle with paying attention early in the morning, it provided a good understanding f or the problem. 4. Twenty well-controlled experiments published in prestigious journals strongly suggest a cause for why teenagers have more difficulty focusing their attention early in the morning than do younger children.5. Two well-controlled experiments published in a prestigious journal suggest a cause for why teenagers have more difficulty focusing their attention early in the morning than do younger children. 6. After a recent airing of a story on the intelligence service show Dateline on NBC about some people being morning people and others being night people, Channel 5 asked viewers to beef in the reasons they have difficulty focusing attention in the morning. Two reasons were given most frequently, and those reasons were presented on that nights local news.7. A sexual relation has a hunch. The decision to give the aforementioned reasons the rank in which they received was based fully on the evidence presented in each statement. breaker points 1-3 indicated a rightful(a ) correlation between the proposed question and the stated reason and personal understanding. Items 4 and 5 could have been credible sources, but they were absent the findings in the statement offered. Item 6 was non a source focused on the study of teenagers, but rather its research was done on aPSYCHOLOGY 3 broad level. Finally, item 7 did not come from someone with credibility nor did it possess any scientific verification to back up any reasoning. Also, it did not contain a valid reason pertaining to the question at hand. There were only two reasons suggested that contained factual evidence that were believable and credible (Shohov, 2004).Items 1 and 2 proposed that research in relation to the proposed question had been carefully and scientifically performed. Item 1 declared that thirty well-designed studies had been performed concluding that a specific hormone was believed to be the cause for a teenagers inability to focus early in the morning. These studies had also been publ ished in prestigious journals. Item 2 aired on a publically respected early morning news broadcast. The finder-of-fact was an expert nutritionist who had conducted many interviews on children of all ages.Her conclusions were drawn based on answers voluntarily given by the interviewed teenagers. Her findings concluded that teenagers skipping breakfast had more difficulty focusing early in the morning. Both of these suggested reasons offered a definitive answer to the proposed question, and they stupid person evidence to support their findings (Shohov, 2004). References Shohov, S. (2004). Advances in psychology research, volume 17. Hauppauge, NY Nova Science Publishers, Inc.

Odyssey/Siren Song Essay

Homers epic poem Odyssey tells the story of Odysseus encounter with the witchs and their deadly song which is shown in Margaret Atwoods poem Siren Song. When comparing each text, it is found that the Sirens are lay outed as temptresses that trap you with their beautiful, h atomic number 53yed voices.The smell in the epic poem is bright in the beginning when Homer writes Helios burning rays and the sun at high noon. As the poem progresses, it takes on an ominous tone that shows Odysseus self-control as he stops the ears of his comrades one by one with beeswax. He also has his men bind him hand and foot in the tight shiplashed by ropes to the mast. These two examples show Odysseus fighting against his impulse to listen to the Sirens song.When Homer writes and the heart inside me throbbed to listen longer it shows how very hard it is for Odysseus to ignore the Sirens call. In Margaret Atwoods poem, the tone that is set is one of bereavement. The three Sirens understand that they are beautiful and that their call is tempting to every man but they consider the song as a cry for help. The Siren that is speaking in Siren Song refers to her trio as fatal and valuable.Imagery is used in both of the texts to portray the Sirens as beautiful women. For example, from Homers first-person point of view, they have honeyed and ravishing voices, and from Atwoods first-person point of view, the Siren speaks of the trio as picturesque and mythical. The Siren that is speaking in Atwoods poem refers to her trip as feathery maniacs. The imagery in this poem makes you pick up a subtle tone that the Sirens are like temptresses. They reel in the men with their gorgeous, tricky call even though the men can see the beached skull which symbolizes their fate of death. Their song may be boring but, in the Sirens words, it works every time.

The Host Chapter 29: Betrayed

Maybe I should have run the other way. But no one was holding me rachis now, and though his voice was cold and angry, J ard was c eaching to me. Melanie was even more eager than I was as I stepped care abundanty round the corner and into the blue luminousness I hesitated there.Ian stood exactly a few feet a subject of me, poised on the balls of his feet, ready for whatever hostile movement Jared might make toward me.Jared sat on the ground, on one of the mats Jamie and I had left here. He looked as weary as Ian, though his eye, too, were more alert than the liberalization of his exhausted posture.At ease, Jared give tongue to to Ian. I just want to communication to it. I promised the kid, and Ill stand by that promise.Wheres Kyle? Ian demanded.Snoring. Your cave might charge apart from the vibrations.Ian didnt move.Im not lying, Ian. And Im not going to protrude it. Jeb is pay complete. No matter how messed up this stupid situation is, Jamie has as much say as I do, and he s been totally suckered, so I doubt hell be giving me the go-a nous everytime soon.No ones been suckered, Ian growled.Jared waved his hand, dismissing the disagreement over terminology. Its not in any danger from me, is my point. For the first time he looked at me, evaluating the way I hugged the far wall, watching my give tremble. I wont lessened you again, he verbalize to me.I took a small step forward.You dont have to talk to him if you dont want to, Wanda, Ian said quickly. This isnt a duty or a chore to be done. Its not mandatory. You have a choice.Jareds eyebrows pulled low over his eyes-Ians wrangling confused him.No, I whispered. Ill talk to him. I took another short step. Jared turned his hand palm up and curled his fingers twice, encouraging me forward.I walked slowly, each step an individual movement followed by a pause, not part of a steady advance. I stopped a yard away from him. Ian shadowed each step, nourishing close to my side.Id exchangeable to talk to it alo ne, if you dont mind, Jared said to him.Ian planted himself. I do mind.No, Ian, its okay. Go get some sleep. Ill be fine. I nudged his arm lightly.Ian scrutinized my face, his expression dubious. This isnt some death manage? Sparing the kid? he demanded.No. Jared wouldnt lie to Jamie about this.Jared scowled when I said his name, the sound of it full of confidence.Please, Ian, I pleaded. I want to talk to him.Ian looked at me for a bulky minute, then turned to scowl at Jared. He barked out each sentence equivalent an order.Her name is Wanda, not it. You will not inter-group communication her. Any mark you leave on her, I will branched on your worthless hide.I winced at the threat.Ian turned abruptly and stalked into the darkness.It was silent for a moment as we both watched the empty space where he had disappeared. I looked at Jareds face first, while he still glanced after(prenominal) Ian. When he turned to meet my gaze, I dropped my eyes.Wow. Hes not kidding, is he? Jared s aid.I treated that as a rhetorical question.Why dont you have a so-and-so? he asked me, patting the mat be-side him.I deliberated for a moment, then went to sit against the same wall only close to the hole, putting the length of the mat between us. Melanie didnt like this she wanted to be near him, for me to smell his scent and feel the cacoethes of his form beside me.I did not want that-and it wasnt because I was afraid he would hurt me he didnt look angry at the moment, only tired and wary. I just didnt want to be any closer to him. Something in my chest was pain sensation to have him so near-to have him hating me in such close proximity.He watched me, his head tilted to the side I could only meet his gaze fleetingly out front I had to look away.Im sorry about last night-about your face. I shouldnt have done that.I stared at my hands, knotted together in a double clenched fist on my lap.You dont have to be afraid of me.I nodded, not looking at him.He grunted. Thought you sai d you would talk to me?I shrugged. I couldnt find my voice with the weight of his antagonism in the air between us.I heard him move. He scooted down the mat until he sat right beside me-the way Melanie had hoped for. Too close-it was onerous to think straight, hard to breathe right-but I couldnt bring myself to scoot away. Oddly, for this was what shed wanted in the first place, Melanie was suddenly irritated.What? I asked, ball over by the intensity of her emotion.I dont like him next to you. It doesnt feel right. I dont like the way you want him there. For the first time since wed abandoned civilization together, I felt waves of hostility emanating from her. I was shocked. That was hardly fair.I just have one question, Jared said, interrupting us.I met his gaze and then shied away-recoiling both from his hard eyes and from Melanies resentment.You base probably guess what it is. Jeb and Jamie spent all night jabbering at meI waited for the question, staring across the dark hall at the rice bag-last nights pillow. In my peripheral vision, I saw his hand come up, and I cringed into the wall.Im not going to hurt you, he said again, impatient, and cupped my chin in his rough hand, twist my face around so I had to look at him.My warmheartedness stuttered when he touched me, and there was suddenly too much moisture in my eyes. I blinked, trying to clear them.Wanda. He said my name slowly-unwillingly, I could tell, though his voice was even and toneless. Is Melanie still existent(p)-still part of you? Tell me the truth.Melanie attacked with the brute strong point of a wrecking ball. It was physically painful, like the sudden stab of a migraine headache, where she seek to force her way out.Stop it Cant you see?It was so apparent in the set of his lips, the tight lines under his eyes. It didnt matter what I said or what she said.Im already a liar to him, I told her. He doesnt want the truth-hes just looking for evidence, some way to prove me a liar, a Seeker , to Jeb and Jamie so that hell be allowed to kill me.Melanie refused to answer or believe me it was a struggle to keep her silent.Jared watched the sweat bead on my forehead, the strange shiver that shook down my spine, and his eyes narrowed. He held on to my chin, refusing to let me hide my face.Jared, I love you, she tried to scream. Im right here.My lips didnt quiver, but I was surprised that he couldnt read the words spelled out plainly in my eyes.Time passed slowly while he waited for my answer. It was agonizing, having to stare into his eyes, having to see the horror there. As if that werent enough, Melanies anger continued to slice at me from the inside. Her jealousy s sounded into a bitter flood that washed through my body and left it polluted.More time passed, and the tears welled up until they couldnt be contained in my eyes anymore. They spilled over onto my cheeks and rolled silently into Jareds palm. His expression didnt change.Finally, Id had enough. I closed my eyes and jerked my head down. Rather than hurt me, he dropped his hand.He sighed, frustrated.I expected he would leave. I stared at my hands again, waiting for that. My heartbeat marked the enactment minutes. He didnt move. I didnt move. He seemed carved out of stone beside me. It fit him, this stonelike stillness. It fit his new, hard expression, the flint in his eyes.Melanie pondered this Jared, comparing him with the man he used to be. She remembered an unremarkable day on the runArgh Jared and Jamie groan together.Jared lounges on the leather sofa and Jamie sprawls on the carpet in front of him. Theyre watching a basketball game on the big-screen TV. The para-sites who live in this house are at work, and weve already filled the jeep with all it can hold. We have hours to rest before we need to disappear again.On the TV, two players are disagreeing politely on the sideline. The cameraman is close we can hear what theyre saying.I believe I was the last one to touch it-its your ball.I m not incontestable about that. I wouldnt want to take any unfair advantage. Wed better have the refs review the tape.The players shake hands, pat each others shoulders.This is ridiculous, Jared grumbles.I cant stand it, Jamie agrees, mirroring Jareds tone perfectly he sounds more like Jared every day-one of the many forms his hero worship has taken. Is there anything else on?Jared flips through a few channels until he finds a track and field meet. The parasites are holding the Olympics in Haiti right now. From what we can see, the aliens are all hugely excited about it. Lots of them have Olympic flags outside their houses. Its not the same, though. Everyone who participates gets a medal now. Pathetic.But they cant really screw up the hundred-meter dash. somebody parasite sports are much more entertaining than when they try to compete against each other directly. They perform better in separate lanes.Mel, come relax, Jared calls.I stand by the back door out of habit, not because Im tensed to run. non because Im frightened. Empty habit, nothing more.I go to Jared. He pulls me onto his lap and tucks my head under his chin.Comfortable? he asks.Yes, I say, because I really, truly am entirely comfortable. Here, in an aliens house.Dad used to say lots of funny things-like he was speaking his own language sometimes. Twenty-three skidoo, salad days, nosy parker, bandbox fresh, the catbird seat, chocolate teapot, and something about Grandma sucking eggs. One of his favorites was effective as houses.Teaching me to get at a bike, my mother worrying in the doorway Calm down, Linda, this street is safe as houses. Convincing Jamie to sleep without his nightlight Its safe as houses in here, son, not a monster for miles.Then overnight the world turned into a hideous nightmare, and the phrase became a black joke to Jamie and me. Houses were the most dangerous places we knew. privateness in a patch of scrubby pines, watching a car pull out from the garage of a secluded home , deciding whether to make a food run, whether it was too dicey. Do you think the parasitesll be gone for long? No way-that place is safe as houses. Lets get out of here.And now I can sit here and watch TV like it is five years ago and Mom and Dad are in the other way and Ive never spent a night hiding in a drainpipe with Jamie and a bunch of rats while body snatchers with spotlights search for the thieves who made off with a bag of dried beans and a bowl of cold spaghetti.I know that if Jamie and I survived alone for twenty years we would never find this tactual sensation on our own. The feeling of safety. More than safety, even-happiness. Safe and happy, two things I thought Id never feel again.Jared makes us feel that way without trying, just by universe Jared.I breathe in the scent of his skin and feel the warmth of his body under mine.Jared makes everything safe, everything happy. Even houses.He still makes me feel safe, Melanie realized, feeling the warmth where his arm was just half an inch from mine. Though he doesnt even know Im here.I didnt feel safe. Loving Jared made me feel less safe than anything else I could think of.I wondered if Melanie and I would have loved Jared if hed always been who he was now, rather than the smiling Jared in our memories, the one who had come to Melanie with his hands full of hope and miracles. Would she have followed him if hed always been so hard and cynical? If the loss of his laughing father and wild big brothers had iced him over the way nothing but Melanies loss had?Of course. Mel was certain. I would love Jared in any form. Even like this, he belongs with me.I wondered if the same held true for me. Would I love him now if he were like this in her memory?Then I was interrupted. Without any cue that I perceived, suddenly Jared was talking, speaking as if we were in the middle of a conversation.And so, because of you, Jeb and Jamie are convinced that its possible to continue some kind of awareness after being caug ht. Theyre both sure Mels still kicking in there.He rapped his fist lightly against my head. I flinched away from him, and he folded his arms.Jamie thinks shes talking to him. He rolled his eyes. Not really fair to play the kid like that-but thats assuming a sense of ethics that clearly does not apply.I wrapped my arms around myself.Jeb does have a point, though-thats whats killing me What are you after? The Seekers search wasnt well directed or even suspicious. They only seemed to be looking for you-not for us. So maybe they didnt know what you were up to. Maybe youre freelancing? Some kind of undercover thing. OrIt was easier to ignore him when he was speculating so foolishly. I focused on my knees. They were dirty, as usual, purple and black.Maybe theyre right-about the killing-you part, anyway.Unexpectedly, his fingers brushed lightly once across the goose bumps his words had raised on my arm. His voice was softer when he spoke again. Nobodys going to hurt you now. As long as yo u arent causing any trouble He shrugged. I can sort of see their point, and maybe, in a sick way, it would be wrong, like they say. Maybe there is no justifiable reason to Except that JamieMy head flipped up-his eyes were sharp, scrutinizing my reaction. I regretted showing interest and watched my knees again.It scares me how attached hes getting, Jared muttered. Shouldnt have left him behind. I never imagined And I dont know what to do about it now. He thinks Mels alive in there. What will it do to him when?I noticed how he said when, not if. No matter what promises hed made, he didnt see me lasting in the long term.Im surprised you got to Jeb, he reflected, changing the subject. Hes a canny old guy. He sees through deceptions so easily. Till now.He thought about that for a minute.Not much for conversation, are you?There was another long silence.His words came in a sudden gush. The part that keeps bugging me is what if theyre right? How the hell would I know? I hate the way their l ogic makes sense to me. Theres got to be another explanation.Melanie struggled again to speak, not as viciously as before, this time without hope of breaking through. I kept my arms and lips locked.Jared moved, shifting away from the wall so that his body was turned toward me. I watched the movement from the corner of my eye.Why are you here? he whispered.I peeked up at his face. It was gentle, kind, almost the way Melanie remembered it. I felt my control slipping my lips trembled. Keeping my arms locked took all my strength. I wanted to touch his face. I wanted it. Melanie did not like this.If you wont let me talk, then at least keep your hands to yourself, she hissed.Im trying. Im sorry. I was sorry. This was hurting her. We were both hurting, different hurts. It was hard to know who had it worse at the moment.Jared watched me curiously while my eyes filled again.Why? he asked softly. You know, Jeb has this crazy idea that youre here for me and Jamie. Isnt that nuts?My mouth half- opened I quickly bit down on my lip.Jared leaned forward slowly and took my face between both his hands. My eyes closed.Wont you tell me?My head shook once, fast. I wasnt sure who did it. Was it me saying wont or Melanie saying cant?His hands tightened under my jaw. I opened my eyes, and his face was inches away from mine. My heart fluttered, my stomach dropped-I tried to breathe, but my lungs did not obey.I recognized the intention in his eyes I knew how he would move, exactly how his lips would feel. And yet it was so new to me, a first more shocking than any other, as his mouth pressed against mine.I think he meant just to touch his lips to mine, to be soft, but things changed when our skin met. His mouth was abruptly hard and rough, his hands trapped my face to his while his lips moved mine in urgent, unfamiliar patterns. It was so different from remembering, so much stronger. My head swam incoherently.The body revolted. I was no longer in control of it-it was in control of me. It was not Melanie-the body was stronger than either of us now. Our breathing echoed loudly mine wild and gasping, his fierce, almost a snarl.My arms broke free from my control. My left hand reached for his face, his hair, to wind my fingers in it.My right hand was faster. Was not mine.Melanies fist punched his jaw, knocked his face away from mine with a blunt, low sound. Flesh against flesh, hard and angry.The force of it was not enough to move him far, but he scrambled away from me the instant our lips were no longer connected, gape with horrorstruck eyes at my horrorstruck expression.I stared down at the still-clenched fist, as repulsed as if Id found a scorpion growing on the force out of my arm. A gasp of revulsion choked its way out of my throat. I grabbed the right wrist with my left hand, desperate to keep Melanie from using my body for violence again.I glanced up at Jared. He was staring at the fist I restrained, too, the horror fading, surprise taking its place. In that second, his expression was entirely defenseless. I could easily read his thoughts as they moved across his unlocked face.This was not what he had expected. And hed had expectations that was plain to see. This had been a test. A test hed thought he was prepared to evaluate. A test with results hed evaluate with confidence. But hed been surprised.Did that mean pass or fail?The pain in my chest was not a surprise. I already knew that a breaking heart was more than an exaggeration.In a fight-or-flight situation, I never had a choice it would always be flight for me. Because Jared was between me and the darkness of the tunnel exit, I go around and threw myself into the box-packed hole.The boxes crunched, crackled, and cracked as my weight shoved them into the wall, into the floor. I wriggled my way into the impossible space, twisting around the heavier squares and crushing the others. I felt his fingers scrape across my foot as he made a grab for my ankle, and I kicked one of the more solid boxes between us. He grunted, and despair wrapped choking hands around my throat. I hadnt meant to hurt him again I hadnt meant to strike. I was only trying to escape.I didnt hear my own sobbing, loud as it was, until I could go no farther into the crowded hole and the sound of my thrashing stopped. When I did hear myself, heard the ragged, tearing gasps of agony, I was mortified.So mortified, so humiliated. I was horrified at myself, at the violence Id allowed to flow through my body, whether consciously or not, but that was not why I was sobbing. I was sobbing because it had been a test, and, stupid, stupid, stupid, emotional wight that I was, I wanted it to be real.Melanie was writhing in agony inside me, and it was hard to make sense of the double pain. I felt as though I was dying because it was not real she felt as though she was dying because, to her, it had felt real enough. In all that shed lost since the end of her world, so long ago, shed never before felt betrayed . When her father had brought the Seekers after his children, shed known it was not him. There was no betrayal, only grief. Her father was dead. But Jared was alive and himself.No ones betrayed you, stupid, I railed at her. I wanted her pain to stop. It was too much, the extra burden of her agony. Mine was enough.How could he? How? she ranted, ignoring me.We sobbed, beyond control.One word snapped us back from the edge of hysteria.From the mouth of the hole, Jareds low, rough voice-broken and strangely childlike-asked, Mel?

Adolescent Rites of Passage

Bridging the crack cocaine Adolescent Rites of Passold age General Purpose To inform. Specific Purpose At the end of my speech, my audience pull up stakes understand how cultures use adolescent rites of modulation to help population mark the regeneration from childhood to expectanthood. primal Idea Adolescent rites of buy the farmure hand over marked the exit of children into adulthood around the world, and elements of those rituals be organism used in modern American society. INTRODUCTION How did you celebrate your eighteenth birthday? Do you repudiate your graduation ceremony?If youre like most Americans, such events marked the moment you became an adult. It may collect been the day you walked off a lighted stage, clutching your diploma to your chest. Yet if you were an Arunta from Australia, it might be the moment you uprise off of the smoking tree branches you were lying upon and were proclaimed an adult. Regardless of which be the most person altogethery signific ant, we all have moments in our life that we would consider rites of passagemoments that carry us across the threshold amidst two lives.In societies around the world, collective rites of passage have been seen as shipway to initiate young people into adult life. In researching on this topic, I have discovered the important role rites of passage duck soup for youth around the world, and I would like to share this with you this afternoon. Today we will look at the ways in which cultures throughout the world have used rites of passage to mark the transition to adulthood for some(prenominal) boys and girls, and how elements of those rituals are being used today in American society. Transition)To begin, allows look at some of the different rites of passage from around the world that show traditional coming-of-age ceremonies in other cultures that are the basis for new American rituals. BODY I. Rites of Passage in Cultures Puberty is often a signboard in most cultures that a boy or girl is ready to become an adult.A. The Navajo of the American souwest celebrate this milestvirtuoso with the vision quest. 1. The ritual begins when a fifteen to sixteen-year- old boy is taken into a sw prey lodge, where he will be purified in both body and soul before he begins his quest. . During the period before he leaves he will also be advised by a medicine man regarding his coming quest. 3. Finally, he ventures into the wilderness or desert on his own, fasting until he receives a vision that will determine his new name and the direction of his life. 4. When he receives his vision, the community welcomes him indorse as a man (Transition)Like their priapic counterparts in the Navajo, females also have special coming of age rituals. B. The Okrika of Nigeria celebrate coming of age with the Iria ceremony for seventeen-year-old girls. 1.The highlight of this ritual is when the girls enter the Fattening Room. 2. Only leave to travel to the river, the girls stay in the rooms t o gain the weight that the tribe considers attractive. Girls are major powerd to eat large quantities of food. 3. Female friends and family teach the girls how a woman should act. 4. When a girl leaves the Fattening Room, she is considered a woman. (Transition)These examples of the rites of passage for Navajo males and Okrika females show us how different cultures mark the transition from childhood to adult status in the community.Now lets look at the increasing popularity of traditional rites of passage in the United States. II. Increase in Rites of Passage in United States The United States is an ethnic melting pot of cultures and traditions. A. Yet our diversity prevents us from having a single experience, common to all, that celebrates our entrance into the adult community. 1. Some ceremonies are religion specific, such as Jewish Bar and Bat Mitzvahs or Christian baptisms and confirmations. 2. Many children, without religious or ethnic heritage, have no sort of recognition outs ide of high school graduationsif they choose to graduate.Yet Cassandra Delaney writes about graduates, They often are non equipped with the necessary components of a stable adult personality such as a well-reasoned deterrent example code, a faith or world review which sustains them during crisis, and perhaps most importantly, a validatory and cohesive self image. B. With this problem in mind, many Americans are turning to tribal traditions like the ones set forth earlier to help their children have a positive rite of passage. 1. The African-American community is turning rump to its cultural roots to aid companionable ills among young males. a.The MAAT Program attempts to instruct at-risk African-American males on social behavior through sessions with older mentors that incorporate African tribal tradition. b. Program sessions begin by entreaty and an offering of a drink to the ancestors. c. At the end of the design, writes Aminifu Harvey and Julia Rauch of Health and Social Work magazine, the boys mark their passage to manhood by giving themselves another African name, based on their personality, at the final retreat. d. In this way, African-Americans use the rite of passage concept to develop a positive sense of identity for youth. . scour in Washington State, rites of passage are growing. a. An article in the Spokane Spokesman-Review by Jeanette White tells of Stan Crow, who runs a three-week program called The Coming of Age Journey. b. Here activities include challenging hikes and vision quest style nights alone in the wilderness in an attempt to promote self-reliance. c. Rites of passage like these, says psychologist Michael Gurian in the Spokesman-Review article, promote positive self-image because they force children to develop skills to meet challenges, to reflect on goals, and to learn leadership. . In Washington and the entire United States, rites of passage are becoming more popular as a way to fulfill the spiritual and moral needs of yout h while identifying them to a community. CONCLUSION In conclusion, adolescent rites of passage mark the transition to adulthood. In the United States, questions have been raised as to whether rites of passage like those used by Africans, autochthonal Americans, or others might be useful in helping with social problems. Some programs have assay to experiment with the positive potential impact of rites of passage in modern American society.Though coming-of-age ceremonies do not automatically make us adults, they are the milestones of a maturing process we are all on. Think again about what you consider to be your rite of passage. Did the license, the diploma, or the keys to your dorm or apartment make you an adult? Perhaps some are yet mired in that no-mans land called adolescence. Yet it one day might be different. Your child might one day swelter in a Western-style sweat lodge or eat in the Fattening Room your child might depart on a vision quest.Regardless of the method, bridgi ng the gap between childhood and adulthood is , and will always be , one of the most universal and important milestones of human life. BIBLIOGRAPHY Coming of Age as an Australian Aruntas. international nautical mile Jewish Online Education. 1999. Jewish Federation of Metropolitan Detroit. 9 October 2000 . Coming of Age in the Navajo Nation. Michigan Jewish Online Education. 1999. Jewish Federation of Metropolitan Detroit. 9 October 2000 . Delaney, Cassandra Halleh. Rites of Passage in Adolescence. Adolescence 30 (Winter 1995) 891. Elan, Jessica. A Cross-Cultural analogy of Puberty Rites and Ceremonies for Females. The Oxford Review. 5 May 1998. Oxford College of Emory University. 8 Oct. 2000 . Harvey, Aminifu R. and Julia B. Rauch. A comprehensive Afrocentric rites of passage program for black male adolescents. Health and Social Work 22. 1 (Feb. 1997) 30-37. White, Jeanette. Too few of todays children experience traditional rites of passage, experts say. Spokesman-Review 4 Ju ly 2000 A1. Emphasize Pause Put on First opthalmic Pause Use Visual 2 Pause Gesture 1,2,3 Gesture 1,2,3 Slower

Management theories Essay

guileless counselling hypothesis and merciful Relations guess give played an vital role in the history of modern focus .It is 2 qualitative leap of modern management governing body. As two relatively complete system of Management theory, make up Management theory and homo Relations theory has made its own unique contri simplyion. This essay aims to identify key similarities and differences between two theory by comparing detailed aspects which including focus, the comprehension of structure ,basic assumptions of individual and the labour of drawing card, simultaneously, exploring how Classical Management theory and gracious Relations theory can reconcile the incompatibilities between the move upes.Classical Management theory was recrudesceed during the industrial Revolution in order to deal withthe problem about inefficiency in the factories. it mainly contained of Weber(1922)s bureaucratic management,Taylor(1911)s Scientific Management and Fayol(1925)s General Mana gement Principles. As Taylor (1911) wrote in his books the purpose of scientific management is how achieve the maximum efficiency ,these theory highlighted the importance of using scientific and standardized methods in clipplace pointed out the study will continue to improve the working methods determine the many principles to die hard the organization more efficiently and emphasized the wages as a potential factor of motivation.Human Relation theory was proposed by a America behavioral scientist named Mayo (1933) after that Classical Management theory had been presented for nearly 20 years . According to Meyao (1933)the most important factor that effected the productiveness are not condition and treatment ,but the human relation in workplace.Human Relation theory worried the importance of human factors advocated improving managers inter in-person skills and changing leadership emphasized the unaffixed organizationClassical Management theory and Human Relations theory contain many aspects that address differences and few aspects share similarities. Firstly, on focus,the classical management set out emphasized a concern for task (output).Thus, using the methods of optimisation of techniques and stiff management in order to improve workers output is what the classicalmanagement theory bear on. In contrast ,the Human Relations Approach focuses on both the workers themselves and efficiency, This aimed at increasing the work productiveness through satisfaction and collaboration.Secondly ,according to the comprehension of organizational structure .in Classical Management approach . The organizational structure should be formal and clearly. Weber (1922) wrote that an ideal administrative structure has characteristics which including a clear organizational division of labor a top-down hierarchy a professional management system and a strict independent rules and discipline. Whereas the Human Relations Theory proposed the perspective that there is a informal organization existed in first step besides formal organization.The role of this formal is to safeguard the common interests of the members so that protect the common interests from additional loss caused by negligence of internal individual or external interference. For instance ,a group which the members are not arranged by manager but the reason of which mystify common values or personal interests is a informal organization.Thirdly ,on basic assumptions of person, the classical approach adopts standardized the methods of working ,as well as training of employees and they worked more like machines. Therefore , the provide a good deal regarded as economic person in Classical Management theory ,this approach also states that the salary is the only way to stimulate the enthusiasm of employees to work .While Human Relations theory proposes treated staff as social person so that not only does it consider collaboration factor to set off worker but also views strong worker relatio nship, recognition and achievement as motivators for increased productivity. Its based on the most popular Maslow(1943)s hierarchy of needs which stated that every person has some needs which affects his performance and motivation. These needs in the order from the most basic are physiologic needs, Safety needs, social needs, Esteem needs and Self-actualization needs. ( Maslow ,1943)Finally ,the task of leadership downstairs classical management theory is to set the staff to set work standards, and supervise employees complete theproject efficiently .While under the Human Relations theory, the task of leader ship was to facilitate cooperation or coordination among the workers while providing assistance and opportunities for their personal promotion and development and was to be seen as an agent for intra and inter group communication. (Donnelly,2008)Although both two theories on the theoretical though and the approaches are totally different. They still contain a few similarities . For example,they both retrieve in organizations as closed, changeless entities which shared a common point common increased productivity ,It was the final goal either of approaches focused on the target that attempted to find the most efficient way for arranging and managing tasks.It is difficult to identify which theory is more superior, in most case .modern enterprise associate two management approach to increased productivity. How to balance it is what the leader should ponder. Therefore ,the two major theoretical thought of management theory are well described by Douglas McGregors theory X and theory Y in his book named The Human Side of Enterprise Theory X relates to the classical approach that holds that People need, and indeed tend to be directed and controlled .In the meantime ,leaders should use strict rule and punishments to regulated workers behavior. Theory Y relates to the human relations approach, the idea that managements task is to create an environment where emp loyees can be innovative and productive or satisfied in the workplace at least.For instances, In 1960s, a new mode of production named just in time (also named extend Production) was implemented Toyota Automotive Corporation .JIT is good combination of two theories. it helps corporation overcome the first cipher crisis .The core of JIT is produce timely and appropriately. Equalization and standard production cycle time and standard operational sequence reflect classical management, while Employees can intervene in the production process and develop personal initiative. The mode of production also stressing coordination ,this factors reflect thought of Human Relations theory.In the nutshell.As two of the most significant studies in field ofmanagement,Classical Management theory and Human Relations theory have their own particular merits and limitations. the two theories should not be simply isolated, a single and combined together, but to be a relationship of organic whole. Becau se of diversity of modern economic environment, A good leader should be the one who can balance various theories and put into practice depending on different situation.which operator none of management theories is superior to the other.ReferenceFayol,H (1949) General and Industrial Management.New York Harper=Taylor,F.W(1911) The Principles of Scientific Management.New York HarperDonnelly,R.(2008) The business office of the Manager. Scotland Pitman Publishing.Donnelly, R. (2000) Schools of Management Thought. Scotland Pitman Publishing.Maslow ,A. H. (1943) A Theory of Human Motivation.New YorkPsychological Review.Mayo,E.(1933) The Social Problems of an Industrial Civilization.Boston HarvardUniversity Press.McGregor,D(1960) The Human Side of Enterprise .New York McGraw-HillBibliographyDavis,R.C. (1951) The Fundamentals of Top Management .New York Harper